Management of CMV retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Jouan, Marc; Katlama, Christine

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00100-4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…À fundoscopia há presença de infiltrado retiniano amarelo-branco perivascular com hemorragia retiniana o chamado "queijo amassado e ketchup" (figura 5). Em casos mais avançados há a presença de cicatrizes atróficas finas e se não tratado pode evoluir para cegueira irreversível (BLOOM, 1988;JOUAN;KATLAMA, 1999). , 2002;MCCUTCHAN, 1995).…”

Section: Manifestações Clínicas Do CMV Em Pacientes Hiv/aidsunclassified

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O papel da PCR quantitativa para citomegalovírus no diagnóstico e manejo de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto

Júnior¹,

de²

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Section: Manifestações Clínicas Do CMV Em Pacientes Hiv/aidsunclassified

“…Os casos de retinite são diagnosticados pelos achados característicos dessa doença à fundoscopia (BLOOM, 1988;JOUAN;KATLAMA, 1999). Já os casos de lesões invasivas por CMV no trato digestivo, pela associação de achados clínicos, endoscópicos e histopatológicos sugestivos.…”

Section: Diagnóstico De CMV Em Pacientes Hiv/aidsunclassified

O papel da PCR quantitativa para citomegalovírus no diagnóstico e manejo de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto

Júnior¹,

de²

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Novel compounds in preclinical/early clinical development for the treatment of HIV infections

Clercq

2000

Rev. Med. Virol.

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An Erratum has been published for this article in http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/73502086/START Virtually all the compounds that are currently used, or under advanced clinical trial, for the treatment of HIV infections, belong to one of the following classes: (i) nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), (ii) non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and (iii) protease inhibitors (PIs). In addition to the reverse transcriptase and protease step, various other events in the HIV replicative cycle are potential targets for chemotherapeutic intervention: (i) viral adsorption, through binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 (polysulphates, polysulphonates, polyoxometalates, zintevir, negatively charged albumins); (ii) viral entry, through blockade of the viral coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5 [bicyclams (AMD3100), polyphemusins (T22), TAK‐779]; (iii) virus–cell fusion, through binding to the viral glycoprotein gp41 [T‐20 (DP‐178), siamycins, betulinic acid derivatives]; (iv) viral assembly and disassembly, through NCp7 zinc finger‐targeted agents [2,2′‐dithiobisbenzamides (DIBAs), azadicarbonamide (ADA)]; (v) proviral DNA integration, through integrase inhibitors such as L‐chicoric acid; (vi) viral mRNA transcription, through inhibitors of the transcription (transactivation) process (peptoid CGP64222, fluoroquinolone K‐12, Streptomyces product EM2487). Also, in recent years new NRTIs, NNRTIs and PIs have been developed that possess, respectively, improved metabolic characteristics (i.e. phosphoramidate and cyclosaligenyl pronucleotides of d4T), or increased activity against NNRTI‐resistant HIV strains, or, in the case of PIs, a different, non‐peptidic scaffold. Given the multitude of molecular targets with which anti‐HIV agents can interact, one should be cautious in extrapolating from cell‐free enzymatic assays to the mode of action of these agents in intact cells. A number of compounds (i.e. zintevir and L‐chicoric acid, on the one hand; and CGP64222 on the other hand) have recently been found to interact with virus–cell binding and viral entry in contrast to their proposed modes of action targeted at the integrase and transactivation process, respectively. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Electrospun formulations of acyclovir, ciprofloxacin and cyanocobalamin for ocular drug delivery

Baskakova

Awwad

Jiménez

et al. 2016

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Two series of fibers containing the active ingredients acyclovir, ciprofloxacin and cyanocobalamin, and combinations of these drugs, were prepared by electrospinning. One set used the hydrophilic poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as the filament-forming polymer, while the other used the slow-dissolving poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The fibers were found to have cylindrical morphologies, although there was evidence for solvent occlusion with the PVP systems and for some drug particles in the PCL materials. The active ingredients were generally present in the amorphous physical form in the case of PVP, but evidence of crystallinity was observed with PCL. The existence of intermolecular interactions between the drugs and polymers was proven using simple molecular modeling calculations. Drug release from the various fibers was tested in a validated in vitro outflow model of the eye, and the fiber formulations found to be capable of extending drug release. We thus conclude that electrospun matrices such as those prepared in this work have potential for use as intravitreal implants.

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Management of CMV retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

O papel da PCR quantitativa para citomegalovírus no diagnóstico e manejo de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto

O papel da PCR quantitativa para citomegalovírus no diagnóstico e manejo de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto

Novel compounds in preclinical/early clinical development for the treatment of HIV infections

Electrospun formulations of acyclovir, ciprofloxacin and cyanocobalamin for ocular drug delivery

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