Management of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Otosclerosis in Developing Countries

Master, Adam; Wilkinson, Eric P.; Wagner, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.otc.2018.01.017

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the United States, CSOM occurs at a rate of less than 1%, whereas in many developing countries higher rates of greater than 4% are observed 8 . Studies from Thailand, Vietnam, Korea, and Malaysia showed a prevalence of CSOM ranging from 0.9 to 4.7% 8 . A recent study in India had a higher prevalence of 7.8% 8 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies from Thailand, Vietnam, Korea, and Malaysia showed a prevalence of CSOM ranging from 0.9 to 4.7% 8 . A recent study in India had a higher prevalence of 7.8% 8 . Prevalence of CSOM is related to many factors including crowded habitation, access to medical care including vaccinations, antibiotics use, exposure to smoking, bottle feeding, and poor nutrition/hygiene 8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rate of chronic otitis media operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study (2006–2018)

Han

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to estimate the total number and rate of chronic otitis media (COM) operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea, using a nationwide survey which analysed a 13-year trend (2006-2018). This study also analysed the trend of COM operations and cholesteatoma surgeries according to year, sex, and age using a nationwide population-based database, and the 13-year trend was analysed according to age groups. This study used nationwide data from the National Health Information Database (NHID), which is a government-affiliated agency under the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare that supervises all medical activities in Korea. Retrospective medical data of patients of all ages were extracted from the NHID from January 2006 to December 2018 (NHIS-2018). This study was conducted by the Research Committee of the Korean Society of otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery, and the Korean Audiological Society reviewed and confirmed the study. There was a 1.5 fold increase in COM operation rates in 2018, compared to 2007 figures. The annual total number of COM operations was 5,935 in 2007, 8,999 in 2012 (peak), and 8,870 in 2018 (17 in 100,000). Meanwhile, the total annual number of cholesteatoma surgeries decreased from 3,502 in 2006 to 3,199 in 2018 (6 in 100,000). The rate of COM operations was higher (1.27 fold) in the female population than in the males in 2018. However, cholesteatoma surgery rates were higher (1.2 fold) in the male population than in the females in 2018. According to the 2018 data, COM operations were most commonly performed in patients in their 50s. COM operation rates increased rapidly in patients aged 51-80. In other age groups however, rates were constant or showed a decrease in figures, especially in the 40s age group (1st rank in 2006 to 3rd rank in 2018). According to the 2018 data, cholesteatoma surgery was most commonly performed in patients in their 50s. Cholesteatoma surgery rates increased dramatically from 2006 to 2018 in patients aged 0-10 years due to congenital cholesteatoma. Cholesteatoma surgery rates also increased in patients aged 61-80 years due to ageing population. Cholesteatoma surgery rates decreased in patients aged 41-50 years, ranking 1st in 2006 and 4th in 2018. In conclusion, the annual rate of COM operations was 0.017%, and no longer increases, but stabilizes/decreased after a peak point in the advanced country. The mean rate of cholesteatoma surgery was 0.006%, and decreased annually. There was female dominance in COM operations, but male dominance in cholesteatoma surgery. Major age

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Rate of chronic otitis media operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study (2006–2018)

Han

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Participants citied improved medical knowledge (ACGME Core Competency 2) and improved surgical skills. Participants were exposed to more prevalent advanced otologic pathology including chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma than encountered in daily practice in the United States 5 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wider influence: The impact of formal humanitarian otology training on otology‐neurotology fellows

Maxwell

Wilkinson

2020

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives Long‐term commitment to humanitarian surgical outreach requires the opportunity, resources, and time to participate, but perhaps more importantly, it requires a preceding successful outreach experience. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) expects physician trainees to achieve six Core Competencies: patient care, medical knowledge, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, practice‐based learning and improvement, and systems‐based practice. This study investigates the challenges and benefits of a supervised humanitarian experience with a focus on ACGME Core Competencies, future global outreach, and commitment to education. Study design Physician survey and program curriculum review. Methods Participants in a supervised humanitarian educational experience at a single Otology‐Neurotology Fellowship Program between the years of 2006 and 2019 were surveyed. Barriers to participation, challenges, benefits, prior and ongoing humanitarian efforts, and education endeavors were discussed. Results Challenges including time away from fellowship, logistical difficulties with Resident Review Committee recognition of operative case volume, and civil unrest were encountered. Benefits within all six ACGME Core Competencies were achieved. International collaboration with local providers, patients, and families with diverse socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds allowed bidirectional education while striving for safe, innovative solutions in resource‐poor environments. Conclusions A supervised education experience with a sustainable humanitarian otology program offers Neurotology fellows an early positive experience near the end of their formal training. ACGME Professionalism goals were achieved through building collegial relationships with local otolaryngologists and staff, while fostering a sense of responsibility to assist those in developing nations. Participation correlated with an ongoing commitment to humanitarian efforts and education post‐fellowship. Level of Evidence 4

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“…The high rate of OME in the present study may be attributed to the well-known risk factors associated with the greater prevalence of OM in LMICs such as poverty, malnutrition, and lack of access to public health initiatives and medical care (Berman, 1995;Master et al, 2018;Sartori et al, 2017). Acute respiratory infections are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in the Solomon Islands, and may also contribute to the high prevalence of OME (WHO, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Otitis Media (OM) is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss among children worldwide, and the burden of OM is greatest among children in LMICs where it is a significant cause of disability and mortality (Daly et al, 2010;DeAntonio et al, 2016;Mahadevan et al, 2012;Monasta et al, 2012;Penido, Chandrasekhar, Borin, Maranhão, & Testa, 2016). OM is known to adversely impact the whole family unit, as well as the affected child (Crawford et al, 2017) In addition to the public health factors stated above (i.e., malnutrition, poverty, limited access to medical services), the greater prevalence of OM in low-resourced settings is further due to compromised immunity, early bacterial colonisation of the nasopharynx, limited access to immunisations, inadequate antibiotic treatments, exposure to tobacco smoke, poor hygiene, and crowding in household environments (Berman, 1995;Master, Wilkinson, & Wagner, 2018;Sartori et al, 2017). The severity of the hearing loss associated with OM is reported to be mild to moderate in over 50% of cases, and it may become a permanent sensorineural hearing loss without appropriate medical attention (de Azevedo, Pinto, de Souza, Greco, & Gonçalves, 2007;Ezeanolue, Okafor, & Obiakor, 2003;Kasliwal, Joshi, & Pareek, 2004;Singer, Awad, El-Kader, & Mohamed, 2018;WHO, 2004).…”

Section: Otitis Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric ear disease and hearing loss in the Solomon Islands

Kaspar¹

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According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), around 90% of the global burden of hearing loss is found in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). It is estimated that 75% of childhood hearing loss in LMICs is preventable. Otitis media (OM) and infectious diseases that may be avoided through immunisations are the leading causes of preventable hearing loss in children. Given the wellknown adverse effects of hearing loss in childhood development, the WHO is leading global efforts to address the burden of hearing loss in children through public health measures. Newborn and Infant Hearing Screening (NIHS) and school-based hearing screening programmes are key strategies that should facilitate early identification and intervention for children with hearing disorders. There is very little in the audiology literature on childhood hearing loss in the Pacific Islands. Yet, this region is estimated to have among the highest global burden of OM and disabling hearing loss. The limited literature indicates that OM begins early in life, and may quickly progress to advanced/chronic stages of disease and potentially fatal complications. Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and audiology services are virtually non-existent throughout the Pacific Islands, and public health measures such as community ear/hearing screening programmes may be a feasible option until more sophisticated ENT/audiology services become available. The Solomon Islands are a Pacific Island nation that is currently developing the outreach service of the ENT Clinic at the National Referral Hospital in the capital city, Honiara. The present study was developed to assess community engagement and readiness for ear/hearing screening programmes for children, as well as to assess the prevalence of OM and hearing loss among children in Honiara. Should the results of the study indicate that OM and hearing loss are a significant public health issue among children, and that caregivers are supportive of ear/hearing services, the recommendation for routine community-based ear/hearing screening programmes in Honiara will be justified. Parental knowledge and attitudes to childhood hearing loss and hearing services was assessed through semi-structured interviews with 150 parents attending community clinics in Honiara. The highest level of parental knowledge found regarding causes of hearing loss was for OM (94%). Knowledge of routine childhood immunisations (84%) and breast-feeding (76%) as public health measures to reduce/prevent OM were also high. The knowledge of fathers was generally the same or better than that of mothers. Approximately half of participants (56%) agreed that curses may cause childhood hearing loss. There was high parental support for infant hearing screening programmes (96%) and v Publications included in this thesis

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Management of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Otosclerosis in Developing Countries

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Rate of chronic otitis media operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study (2006–2018)

Rate of chronic otitis media operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea: a nationwide population-based study (2006–2018)

A wider influence: The impact of formal humanitarian otology training on otology‐neurotology fellows

Paediatric ear disease and hearing loss in the Solomon Islands

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