Management of Anorexia-Cachexia in Late-Stage Lung Cancer Patients

Ferraro, Catherine Del; Grant, Marcia; Koczywas, Marianna; Dorr-Uyemura, Laura A.

doi:10.1097/njh.0b013e31825f3470

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, nutritional risk screening is undertaken to identify patients at risk for malnutrition in order to implement proper interventions to prevent the development and progress of CACS (4). Although these initiatives are effective, the pathogenesis of the development of nutritional disorders in cancer patients as well as the relationship between malnutrition and other factors have not been fully explained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disorders such as a subjective sense of poor appetite (anorexia) and symptoms of muscle catabolism and weight loss (cachexia) often occur together and are described as cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS). The development of this syndrome contributes significantly to a fatal outcome in cancer patients and it is diagnosed in 80% of them at the terminal stage of the disease (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is nutritional status associated with the level of anxiety, depression and pain in patients with lung cancer?

Chabowski¹,

Polański²,

Jankowska‐Polańska³

et al. 2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Background: Nutritional deficiencies are common in lung cancer patients, especially in those with advanced and metastatic cancers. The pathogenesis of the development of nutritional disorders in cancer patients has not been fully explained. The study was performed in order to research associations between nutritional status and mental condition and pain. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between nutritional status and the level of anxiety, depression and perceived pain in patients with lung cancer. Methods: A total of 257 patients with lung cancer were enrolled. The Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire was used to assess their nutritional status; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess their levels of anxiety and depression; the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess levels of perceived pain. Results: The MNA showed that 23% of the study group was malnourished, 33% at risk of malnutrition and 44% displayed a normal nutritional status. The HADS questionnaire showed that 65% of the study group had depressive symptoms and 65% had anxiety. The mean score of the VAS was 4.35. A significant negative correlation between nutritional status and pain was observed (r=−0.65; P<0.001) as well as between nutritional status and anxiety and depression (r=−0.68; P<0.001 and r=−0.60; P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions:The prevalence of nutritional disorders and the intensity of somatic symptoms and psychological distress are high among lung cancer patients. The significant levels of depression, anxiety and pain in patients at risk of malnutrition which were highlighted in comparison to patients with a normal nutritional status indicate the need for early supportive psychotherapy or pharmacological interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is nutritional status associated with the level of anxiety, depression and pain in patients with lung cancer?

Chabowski¹,

Polański²,

Jankowska‐Polańska³

et al. 2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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show abstract

“…27 In its final stage, cachexia is considered refractory to nutritional support and is characterized by low performance status and an expected survival of <3 months. 27,28 The cause(s) of cachexia continue to be defined but, as with fatigue, one etiologic factor may be pro-inflammatory cytokine activity. 25,26 Anorexia in the absence of parameters that define cachexia is considered a precachexia state that may or may not progress to cachexia.…”

Section: Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of interest in or inability to eat can create social isolation, irritability, worry about how this impacts cancer control and survival, and family tension as caregivers may worry about an inability to nurture the patient with food. 28,29 Screening for anorexia/cachexia is most commonly based on serial body weight measurements. The use of multi-symptom inventories or Extrapyramidal side effects including akathisia may occur Appetite stimulants:…”

Section: Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Palliative Care at the End of Life

Lynch¹

2014

Seminars in Oncology Nursing

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“…So PTHrP and PTH mediate wasting through a common mechanism involving a crosstalk between wasting of fat tissue and skeletal muscle [116]. Patients with upper gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers are the likeliest to develop cachexia which affects about 80% of terminal cancer patients [118]. Blocking the "excess cytokines" syndrome could not reverse cachexia in terminal cancer patients as did the use of anabolic steroids neither [119].…”

Section: Pthrp In Cancer Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid Hormone Related Peptide (PTHrP): A Mini-Review

Naafs¹

2017

EMIJ

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In this mini-review the role of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) in physiology and pathophysiology is discussed. Evolving from an unknown humoral factor in the HHM (Hypercalcemia of malignancy) syndrome its role as a "masterregulator" in the PTH family following identification is reviewed. PTHrP has more paracrine and autocrine functions in virtually all tissues than classical endocrine functions and is essential in embryonic, fetal and post-natal life. The physiological functions are near endless. The development of PTH/PTHrP receptor antagonist and agonists has been difficult and disappointing. Its role as a possible cytokine itself and as a regulatory thermogenesis factor in brown adipose tissue in cancer cachexia is discussed. PTHrP assays must be improved for PTHrP to be a reliable biomarker in oncology and to resolve the function of local proteolytic PTHrP fragments which are largely a mystery until now.

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Management of Anorexia-Cachexia in Late-Stage Lung Cancer Patients

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Is nutritional status associated with the level of anxiety, depression and pain in patients with lung cancer?

Is nutritional status associated with the level of anxiety, depression and pain in patients with lung cancer?

Palliative Care at the End of Life

Parathyroid Hormone Related Peptide (PTHrP): A Mini-Review

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