Management of ankylosed primary molars with premolar successors

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning for Primary Molar Ankylosis along with Un-erupted Maxillary Premolar: Case Report

“…The etiology of this condition is still not well-defined [6,11,14,[17][18][19][20][21] and there is a debate due to the lack of knowledge about its biological mechanisms [22]. It is associated with trauma, metabolic disorders [9,23], developmental disturbance [24], genetic tendency [8], and a deficiency in vertical-bone growth [10]. A higher incidence occurs at the molar region during the deciduous and mixed dentition [15].…”

“…Dentoalveolar ankylosis is an eruption anomaly defined as the union of the tooth root to the surrounding bone [2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] with local elimination of the periodontal ligament and it may impede the normal development of teeth [14,16]. The affected teeth are usually deciduous molars with the condition affecting the mandibular second molar most often and the maxillary first molar least often [17].…”

“…Diagnosis of dental ankylosis is generally established through clinical findings in which include metallic sounds upon percussion, lack of tooth The presence of ankylosed primary teeth may complicate eruption and development of the succedaneous permanent dentition [10], and it can lead to problems on occlusion [15], function, and esthetics [18]. When the exfoliation of affected teeth is delayed, complication such as deflected eruption paths for adjacent or opposing teeth, impaction of succedaneous teeth and depending on the degree of submergence of the ankylosed teeth, the position of the tooth germ may be affected, and hooked roots or impaction of permanent successors may occur [10,25].…”

“…When the exfoliation of affected teeth is delayed, complication such as deflected eruption paths for adjacent or opposing teeth, impaction of succedaneous teeth and depending on the degree of submergence of the ankylosed teeth, the position of the tooth germ may be affected, and hooked roots or impaction of permanent successors may occur [10,25].…”

“…The prevalence of impacted premolars has been varied according to age [3,4]. The overall prevalence in adults has been reported to be 0.5% with a range is 0.1% to 0.3% for maxillary premolars and 0.2% to 0.3% for mandibular premolars [3,5].Tooth impaction refers to tooth that fail to erupt [5][6][7] whose etiological factors may involve arch length deficiency, mechanical blockage, ectopic positioning, malformed teeth, trauma, systemic diseases, and overretention of primary teeth or ankylosed primary teeth [2,8].Dentoalveolar ankylosis is an eruption anomaly defined as the union of the tooth root to the surrounding bone [2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] with local elimination of the periodontal ligament and it may impede the normal development of teeth [14,16]. The affected teeth are usually deciduous molars with the condition affecting the mandibular second molar most often and the maxillary first molar least often [17].…”