“…Thus, the importance of endoscopic guidance during PDT has been emphasized [1,7,12,14]. Serious complications after PDT include extensive longitudinal posterior-lateral tracheal laceration [18] or rupture to the posterior wall of the trachea [20], near total transection of the trachea [16], tracheoesophageal fistula [24], pneumothorax or airway obstruction [5], massive subcutaneous emphysema [15], tracheoinnominate fistula [4], and erosion of the bracheocephalic trunk [13].…”