Management of <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Nutritional Indices and Botanical Extracts of <i>Millettia ferruginea</i> and <i>Azadirachta indica</i>

Abstract

The development of hosts that are resistant and evaluation of botanical extracts to H. armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is crucial for sustainable management, yet very limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was done to identify alternative methods to insecticide control through host consumption study and botanical extracts. The performance of third-fifth larval stages of H. armigera on three host plant varieties including chickpea, tomato and faba bean and botanical extracts against the third larval instars and oviposition deterrence was studied under laboratory condition (22˚C ± 2˚C, 55% ± 5% RH, 12:12 L: D photoperiod). Significant differences were found in the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI%) (F = 80.06; df = 6, 2; p < 0.05) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD%) (F = 175.91; df = 6, 2; p < 0.05) values of H. armigera reared on the three host plant varieties of the whole larval instars. The minimum relative consumption rate (RCR) (11.271 ± 0.328) and maximum approximate digestibility (AD) (177.9 ± 1.928) values of the whole larval instars were on Dagaga and Koshari, respectively. The values of relative growth rate (RGR), ECI% and ECD% of the whole larval instars were highest on chickpea varieties and lowest on tomato Koshari. Among chickpea varieties, Habru was relatively resistant to larval instars of H. armigera. Botanical extracts at 50% neem oil (NO), 5% birbira seed extract (BSE) and 5% neem seed extract (NSE) (18.4%

Performance of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fed on Six Host Plants: Potential Risks to Mid-high Latitude Crops in China

“…In the present experiment, S. frugiperda larvae fed on cotton and soybean had lower values of ECI and ECD, which suggested that these larvae were unable to convert digested food into biomass efficiently. These findings indicated that cotton and soybean leaves were likely containing some toxic compounds that inhibit S. frugiperda's growth (Fite et al, 2018).…”

“…The percentage survivorship was normalized using the transformation y = arsine (x/100) 1/2 . Nutritional parameters were subjected to one-way ANOVA using the F-test (Fite et al, 2018). Treatment differences among means were compared using Tukey's multiple range tests.…”

Methanolic Extract of Winter Cherry Causes Morpho-Histological and Immunological Ailments in Mulberry Pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis

“…As far as insect herbivory is concerned, the plant may act as anti-feedants, repellents, toxicants, growth regulators and may even alter their immunological strategies (Murillo et al, 2014;Selin-Rani et al, 2016). There are several reports on anti-feedants by plant products against insects (Ragesh et al, 2016;Ali et al, 2017;De Santana Souza et al, 2018;Fite et al, 2018;Kaur et al, 2019). Plant products also act as repellents (Abtew et al, 2015;Camara et al, 2015;Nasr et al, 2015;Niroumand et al, 2016) growth regulatory such as malformed larvae, pupae and adult (Gnanamani and Dhanasekaran, 2013;Jeyasankar et al, 2014;Vasantha-Srinivasan et al, 2016).…”

Comparative Performance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Chickpea and Faba Bean

“…The preference of H. armigera to feed on the harvestable parts of host plants, along with its high polyphagy, mobility, broad geographical coverage, migratory potential, facultative diapause and high fecundity contribute to its status as an important crop insect pest worldwide (Fitt, 1989;Ali et al, 2009;Luong et al, 2016). The insect is the most serious pest causing economic losses to the chickpea (Damte et al, 2002, Singh & Yadav, 2006Fite et al, 2018) and faba bean (Kemal & Tibebu, 1994) in several countries. This insect causes chickpea yield reductions ranging from 40-50% in India (Rai et al, 2003) and up to 32% in Ethiopia (Tebkew, 2004), while it also causes 21% losses to faba bean (Kemal & Tibebu, 1994).…”

“…In many parts of the world insecticides are used widely (Talekar et al, 2006); however, H. armigera can rapidly develop resistance to conventional insecticides (Ahmad et al, 1997;Kranthi et al, 2001;Ali et al, 2009;Reena et al, 2009). Thus, other pest management alternatives such as host plant resistance and biological control have been promoted, as part of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs have received increasing attention (Fathipou & Sedaratian, 2013;Fite et al, 2018). Foundational to the development of IPM programs is a thorough understanding of pest species biology and ecology.…”