Management of airway mucus hypersecretion in chronic airway inflammatory disease: Chinese expert consensus (English edition)

Abstract

Airway mucus hypersecretion is one of the most important characteristics of chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Evaluating and managing airway mucus hypersecretion is of great importance for patients with chronic airway inflammatory diseases. This consensus statement describes the pathogenesis, clinical features, and the management of airway mucus hypersecretion in patients with chronic airway inflammatory diseases in the People’s Republic of China. The statement has been written particularly for respiratory researchers, pulmonary physicians, and patients.

Differential coexpression networks in bronchiolitis and emphysema phenotypes reveal heterogeneous mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…Chronic mucus hypersecretion in COPD patients is associated with more frequent exacerbations, steeper lung function decline, more frequent hospitalization and higher mortality . Our analysis identified Bik as a hub gene in the turquoise module that is associated with apoptotic mitochondrial changes.…”

“…Chronic mucus hypersecretion in COPD patients is associated with more frequent exacerbations, steeper lung function decline, more frequent hospitalization and higher mortality. [42][43][44] Our analysis identified Bik as a hub gene in the turquoise module that is associated with apoptotic mitochondrial changes. Bik is anchored on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, where it promotes calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, triggering mitochondrial apoptosis.…”

Effect of short-term inhalation of warm saline atomised gas on patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

“…As a result, chronic airway inflammation and repeated respiratory infections reduce local lung defence and form a vicious cycle of infection-inflammation-injury of the airway. In order to break this cycle, it is important to clear the remaining sputum in the respiratory tract [13]. Due to the thickening of airway wall in patients with bronchiectasis, it is difficult for drugs to reach the airway mucosa through the thickened airway wall and enter the airway to decompose sputum.…”

Stuck in the MUC: Infinity loop of fucosylation in allergic airway inflammation

“…Asthma leads to changes in airway mucus composition. 4 Epithelial goblet/Clara cell hyperplasia and changes in mucus composition in asthmatic patients are at least in part responsible for impaired mucus ciliary clearance. Mucus plugs (1) contribute to airway obliteration, (2) are a source of recurrent airway infections, and (3) hamper clearance of the airways and resolution of infection.…”

“…Accelerated mucus production is a significant factor that contributes to the risk of asthmatic patients with MU-C5AC as a product of airway epithelium and MUC5B as the product of alveolar type 2 cells. 4,5,7,9,10 Mucus components, including mucins, such as MUC5AC, are generally fucosylated, leading to extended polymerization of the chain. This has a negative effect on the clearing of the mucus because the sputum of asthmatic patients is highly viscous and elastic.…”