Management of Advanced-stage Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: 25-Year Experience from a Tertiary Care Medical Center

Thomas, Toms Vengaloor; Nittala, Mary R; Bhanat, Eldrin; Albert, Ashley; Vijayakumar, Srinivasan

doi:10.7759/cureus.6679

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our study showed that hypopharyngeal tumour was presented with median age 63 years, which is close to median age in Korea (63 years) United States (61 years) but our median age was older than that registered in India (57 years) [31][32][33]. On the other hand as in our study, male predominance was observed in previous studies [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pattern of Head and Neck Cancers in Karbala Province of Iraq: Data from Developing Country

Mjali,

Hassan,

Nassrullah

et al. 2023

Asian Pac J Cancer Care

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Background: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) patterns vary worldwide in relation to demographic and environmental factors. Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the pattern of HNCs in Karbala province of Iraq, compare and identify possible changes with other populations.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out at Al-Hussein Cancer Center in Karbala, Iraq, on 302 patients diagnosed with HNCs between January 2012 and December 2021 with evaluation of age, gender distribution and sites of cancers.Results: Among total 302 patients, median age was 58 years. Males accounted for a higher proportion of patients, (67.55%) were males and (32.45%) were females, with an M:F ratio of 2.08:1. Larynx was the most affected site among our patients contributing (28.48%) followed by nasopharynx (28.14%), lip & oral cavity (14.57%), salivary glands (11.59%), oropharynx (8.28%), paranasal sinuses (5.30%) and hypopharynx (3.64%). The most frequent site of HNCs in males was larynx, while the most frequent site in females was nasopharynx. Conclusion: This is the first statistical study of HNCs in Karbala province of Iraq. It can be used as basic information to investigate epidemiological characteristics, to evaluate progress in recent years and to develop treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pattern of Head and Neck Cancers in Karbala Province of Iraq: Data from Developing Country

Mjali,

Hassan,

Nassrullah

et al. 2023

Asian Pac J Cancer Care

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“…However, compared to the other oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer sites, a higher cumulative incidence of hypopharynx cancer-specific death was seen among residents from both persistent poverty and non-persistent poverty areas. Hypopharyngeal cancer survival rates have not improved over the years, mainly due to detection at late stages and asymptomatic progression [ 35 , 36 ]. Therefore, our study provides evidence that additional research is warranted to improve survival for this cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent poverty disparities in incidence and outcomes among oral and pharynx cancer patients

Karanth,

Mistry,

Wheeler

et al. 2024

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose Disparities in oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer based on race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status have been reported, but the impact of living within areas that are persistently poor at the time of diagnosis and outcome is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether the incidence, 5-year relative survival, stage at diagnosis, and mortality among patients with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers varied by persistent poverty. Methods Data were drawn from the SEER database (2006–2017) and included individuals diagnosed with oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers. Persistent poverty (at census tract) is defined as areas where ≥ 20% of the population has lived below the poverty level for ~ 30 years. Age-adjusted incidence and 5-year survival rates were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between persistent poverty and advanced stage cancer. Cumulative incidence and multivariable subdistribution hazard models were used to evaluate mortality risk. In addition, results were stratified by cancer primary site, sex, race/ethnicity, and rurality. Results Of the 90,631 patients included in the analysis (61.7% < 65 years old, 71.6% males), 8.8% lived in persistent poverty. Compared to non-persistent poverty, patients in persistent poverty had higher incidence and lower 5-year survival rates. Throughout 10 years, the cumulative incidence of cancer death was greater in patients from persistent poverty and were more likely to present with advanced-stage cancer and higher mortality risk. In the stratified analysis by primary site, patients in persistent poverty with oropharyngeal, oral cavity, and nasopharyngeal cancers had an increased risk of mortality compared to the patients in non-persistent poverty. Conclusion This study found an association between oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer outcomes among patients in persistent poverty indicating a multidimensional strategy to improve survival.

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“…The current treatment options for HSCC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and emerging immunotherapies. Despite some improvement in the survival rates of HSCC over the past three decades, the 5-year survival rate for advanced-stage hypopharyngeal cancer (T3 to T4) remains between 20% and 40% [4]. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify a new molecular biomarker capable of predicting survival, detecting potential intervention targets, and assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of LncRNA BLACAT1 in Hypopharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Liu,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Discovery Medicine

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Background: Identifying the key molecular targets in hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is crucial for understanding this prevalent and highly fatal type of head and neck tumor. The study aims to enhance comprehension of the HSCC process by accurately identifying these key molecular targets. Materials and Methods: In this study, we examined 47 clinical tissue samples from individuals diagnosed with HSCC using RNA-seq high-throughput assay. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to compare long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) bladder cancer-associated transcript 1 (BLACAT1) expression in HSCC tissues versus adjacent non-tumor tissues. The influence of highly expressed lncRNA BLACAT1 on prognostic survival was assessed. Subsequently, we cultured human pharynx squamous cell carcinoma FaDu cells. After reducing lncRNA BLACAT1 expression, we assessed FaDu cell proliferation, invasion, and migration using Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, EUD assay, Transwell assay, and scratch assay. Additionally, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and western blotting analysis were used to analyze proteins that bind to lncRNA BLACAT1. During in vivo experiments, mice received subcutaneous injections of FaDu cells transfected with lncRNA BLACAT1 shRNA or Scr plasmid (Control) in the dorsal region to observe and compare tumor growth. Lastly, tumor tissues underwent hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results: lncRNA BLACAT1 was screened as one of the most significant genes among the group of differentially expressed lncR-NAs. RT-PCR exhibited elevated lncRNA BLACAT1 expression in HSCC tissues when compared to non-tumor tissues (p < 0.001). Furthermore, increased lncRNA BLACAT1 expression correlated with advanced clinical stages, heightened lymphatic invasion, and a poor prognosis. Subsequent in vitro experiments solidified our observations, demonstrating lncRNA BLACAT1's promotion of HSCC cell proliferation (p < 0.05), migration (p < 0.01), and invasion (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. Moreover, LC-MS/MS identified signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) as lncRNA BLACAT1-binding proteins and sh-lncRNA BLACAT1 inhibits STAT3/AKT phosphorylation (p < 0.01) and alters the subcellular distribution of PHB2 and P21 compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that lncRNA BLACAT1 inhibition suppresses tumorigenicity in an HSCC xenograft model compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: lncRNA BLACAT1 is highly expressed in HSCC tumor tissues and plays a crucial role in the development of HSCC in vitro and in vivo. This increased expression may be caused by STAT3/AKT pathway activation, consequently inhibiting P21 expression through PHB2.

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Management of Advanced-stage Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: 25-Year Experience from a Tertiary Care Medical Center

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Pattern of Head and Neck Cancers in Karbala Province of Iraq: Data from Developing Country

Pattern of Head and Neck Cancers in Karbala Province of Iraq: Data from Developing Country

Persistent poverty disparities in incidence and outcomes among oral and pharynx cancer patients

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of LncRNA BLACAT1 in Hypopharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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