Management Concept in Quranic Perspective

Abstract

This research aims to critically describe management concept of Quran that is classified into eight functions: planning, organization, staffing, coordination, leadership, motivation, communication, and supervision. This research was library research, used descriptive-analytical approach, by explaining Quranic verses based on several themes as classified, then analyzing them by using thematic interpretation method (tafsîr maudhû'î). The results of this study are: (1) planning has to be based on experience and strategy; (2) organization is done by division of work based on position, departments, work specialization, and chain of command with principle of helping each other; (3) in staffing, recruitment is opened to public; (4) coordination is implemented gradually and will success if the members consolidate; (5) leadership is expressed in three terms: khalîfah for managerial function; imâm as good example; ulî al-amr as policy maker; (6) criteria of ideal manager are democratic, polite, smart, agile, brave, having integrity, honest, and fair; (7) organization needs special division for religious and spiritual assistance; (8) there are four types of communication which are qaul layyin, qaul maysȗr, qaul balîgh, and qaul ma'rûf; (9) there are three types of supervision: direct and indirect performance recording, and direct inspection.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan konsep manajemen Al-Quran yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam delapan fungsi: perencanaan, organisasi, kepegawaian, koordinasi, kepemimpinan, motivasi, komunikasi, dan pengawasan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analitik, dengan menjelaskan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an berdasarkan beberapa tema yang diklasifikasikan, kemudian menganalisanya dengan menggunakan metode tafsir maudhû'î. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) perencanaan harus didasarkan pada pengalaman dan strategi; (2) organisasi dilakukan dengan pembagian kerja berdasarkan jabatan, departemen, spesialisasi pekerjaan, dan garis komando dengan prinsip saling membantu; (3) dalam kepegawaian, rekrutmen dibuka untuk umum; (4) koordinasi dilaksanakan secara bertahap dan akan berhasil jika anggota mengkonsolidasikan; (5) kepemimpinan dinyatakan dalam tiga