Management and prevention of imported malaria in children. Update of the French guidelines

LeBlanc, Claire; Vasse, C.; Minodier, Philippe; Mornand, Pierre; Naudin, J.; Quinet, B.; Siriez, Jean-Yves; Sorge, F.; Suremain, N. de; Thellier, Marc; Kendjo, Éric; Faye, Albert; Imbert, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2019.02.005

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Thrombocytopenia accompanied by a normal white blood count and a normal neutrophil count are typical features of severe malaria ( Hanson et al, 2015 ; Leblanc et al, 2020 ), but they may also occur in some systemic viral infections and in severe sepsis. Neutrophil leukocytosis may sometimes occur in very severe malaria, but is more characteristic of pyogenic bacterial infections.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving statistical power in severe malaria genetic association studies by augmenting phenotypic precision

Watson

Ndila

Uyoga

et al. 2021

eLife

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Severe falciparum malaria has substantially affected human evolution. Genetic association studies of patients with clinically defined severe malaria and matched population controls have helped characterise human genetic susceptibility to severe malaria, but phenotypic imprecision compromises discovered associations. In areas of high malaria transmission the diagnosis of severe malaria in young children and, in particular, the distinction from bacterial sepsis, is imprecise. We developed a probabilistic diagnostic model of severe malaria using platelet and white count data. Under this model we re-analysed clinical and genetic data from 2,220 Kenyan children with clinically defined severe malaria and 3,940 population controls, adjusting for phenotype mis-labelling. Our model, validated by the distribution of sickle trait, estimated that approximately one third of cases did not have severe malaria. We propose a data-tilting approach for case-control studies with phenotype mis-labelling and show that this reduces false discovery rates and improves statistical power in genome-wide association studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving statistical power in severe malaria genetic association studies by augmenting phenotypic precision

Watson

Ndila

Uyoga

et al. 2021

eLife

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“…One of the medical decision points to identify patients with severe or complicated malaria, particularly P. falciparum malaria, is more than two percent of the red blood cells parasitized [ 23 , 24 ]. This arguably conservative threshold has traditionally been estimated by microscopy and is used rather than the WHO criterion of a parasitaemia estimate of greater than 4% [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a novel real-time PCR assay for the detection, identification and quantification of Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans

Bergen

Stuitje

Akkers

et al. 2021

Malar J

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Background The entry of PCR-based techniques into malaria diagnostics has improved the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of Plasmodium infections. It has been shown that humans are regularly infected by at least six different Plasmodium species. The MC004 real-time PCR assay for malaria diagnosis is a novel single-tube assay that has been developed for the purpose of simultaneously detecting all Plasmodium species known to infect humans, and discrimination between Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale wallikeri, Plasmodium ovale curtisi, Plasmodium knowlesi (including differentiation of three strains) and Plasmodium cynomolgi (including differentiation of three strains). Detection and identification of Plasmodium species relies on molecular beacon probe-based melting curve analysis. In addition, this assay might be used to quantify the parasitaemia of at least P. falciparum by calculating the level of parasitaemia directly from the Cq-value. Methods The samples used in this study comprised reference samples, patient samples, and synthetic controls. The following analytical performance characteristics of the MC004 assay were determined: analytical specificity, limit of detection, the ability to detect mixed infections, and the potential to determine the level of parasitaemia of P. falciparum, including assessment of within-run and between-run precisions. Results No false positive or false negative results were observed. The limit of detection of P. falciparum was 1 × 10–3 IU/mL (WHO standard). Mixed infections with P. falciparum and non-falciparum species were correctly identified. A calibration curve could be established to quantify the parasitaemia of at least P. falciparum. The within-run and between-run precisions were less than 20% CV at the tested parasitaemia levels of 0.09%, 0.16%, 2.15% and 27.27%. Conclusion Based upon the analytical performance characteristics that were determined, the MC004 assay showed performance suitable for use in clinical settings, as well as epidemiological studies.

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“…1) suggest that, the kind of malaria generally treated in self-medication concerns the simple malaria. In this context, the high use of quinine by self-medicated people (36.4%) would be considered as an irrational use of medication, as is observed in most cases of self-treatment [38][39][40] especially since quinine is normally used in 2nd or 3rd intention or in case of severe malaria [3,41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-medication with antimalarials drugs in Lubumbashi city (DR Congo)

Valentin

Salvius

Philippe

et al. 2020

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Self-medication for malaria is very common in Sub-Saharan Africa where this parasitosis is endemic. In order to determine the extent, characteristics and factors associated with this practice in medical area in the city of Lubumbashi, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out by direct interview from January 2018 to June 2018, in the internal medicine departments of 10 General Referral Hospital (GRH) . Five thousand one hundred and thirtyfour patients were consulted among them, 96.6% (average age 38.7 ± 8 years; average income: 100 ± 12 USD; gender male/ female ratio: 0.86) practice self-medication with antimalarials. They used it for the first time at an average age of 13-17 years. Quinine (36.4%) and Carica papaya (0.4%) are the most used remedies in conventional and non-conventional medicine, respectively. Several risks are incurred during this practice when the most cited are worsening side effects (53%), incomplete treatment (37%) and appearance to health sciences (37%). Age (17-35 and > 65 years old), low income (50-150 USD), membership in a health sector and the claim to know antimalarial drugs, predispose patients to self-medication. There is an urgent need to regulate this practice to avoid its harmful consequences.

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Management and prevention of imported malaria in children. Update of the French guidelines

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Improving statistical power in severe malaria genetic association studies by augmenting phenotypic precision

Improving statistical power in severe malaria genetic association studies by augmenting phenotypic precision

Evaluation of a novel real-time PCR assay for the detection, identification and quantification of Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans

Self-medication with antimalarials drugs in Lubumbashi city (DR Congo)

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