Background: Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) is a common complication of acute inferior ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI). Current evidences suggest that revascularization of the culprit vessels with primary percutaneous coronary artery intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting can be beneficial for relieving IMR. The aim was to study the effect of successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the culprit vessel on the degree of ischemic mitral regurgitation in patients with acute inferior STEMI.Patients and methods: 200 patients diagnosed as acute inferior STEMI with ischemic MR & subjected for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Assessment of LV function and dimensions by echocardiography and assessment degree of mitral regurgitation by jet area before and after PCI.Result: Mean MR jet area decreased from (5.3±2.2 cm 2 ) to (3.2±2.5cm 2 ), (p value<0.05) after PCI, and this improvement in MR was evident in all degrees of MR. There was a significant improvement in the degree of MR among non-diabetic patients in comparison with diabetic patients. Shorter onset-to-reperfusion time and no total occlusion before PCI were the independent predictors of early improvement of IMR.
Conclusion:PPCI in Patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation associated with inferior STEMI led to a decrease in the severity of mitral regurgitation at 40days post PCI. No further improvement in the severity of mitral regurgitation occurred after 40days post PCI. Patients with moderate and severe mitral incompetence after 40days had a higher incidence of hospitalization with decompensated heart failure and more left ventricular remodeling changes at 6 months follow up.