Man induced change in community control in the north-western Black Sea: The top-down bottom-up balance

Bănaru, Daniela; Harmelin-Vivien, Mireille; Boudouresque, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.11.009

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The mean trophic level of the catches was rather low, similarly to other models applied in the Mediterranean sea (Coll et al, 2006(Coll et al, , 2007Tsagarakis et al, 2010), but it was higher than in the Black sea (Banaru et al, 2010b) and lower than in the Cantabrian Sea (Sánchez and Olaso, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Trophic structure in the Gulf of Lions marine ecosystem (north-western Mediterranean Sea) and fishing impacts

Bănaru

Mellon-Duval

Roos

et al. 2013

Journal of Marine Systems

104

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International audienceThe Gulf of Lions ecosystemwas described using the Ecopath mass-balancemodel to characterise its structure and functioning and to examine the effects of themultispecific fisheries operating in this area. The model is composed of 40 compartments, including 1 group of seabirds, 2 groups of cetaceans, 18 groups of fish, 12 groups of invertebrates, 5 groups of primary producers, detritus and discards. Input datawere based on several recurrent scientific surveys, two alternative datasets for fishing data, stock assessment outputs, stomach content analyses and published information. Results showed that the functional groups were organised into five trophic levels with the highest one represented by dolphins, anglerfish, Atlantic bluefin tuna, European hake and European conger. European pilchard and European anchovy dominated in terms of fish biomass and catch. Other fish with high biomass such as Atlantic mackerel and blue whiting were highly important in the food web. Seabirds, dolphins and cuttlefish-squids represented keystone species. Important coupled pelagic-demersal-benthic interactions were described. The 7 different fisheries analysed were operating at mean trophic levels situated between 2.6 for small artisanal boats, and 4.1 for purse seines (>24 m) targeting large pelagic fish, indicating an intensively exploited ecosystem. Large trawlers (24-40 m) had the highest impact on most of the groups considered; while purse seines (12-24 m) targeting small pelagic fish had the lowest impact. Preliminary results highlighted the importance of data sources for further ecosystem and fisheries analyses and management scenarios

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Trophic structure in the Gulf of Lions marine ecosystem (north-western Mediterranean Sea) and fishing impacts

Bănaru

Mellon-Duval

Roos

et al. 2013

Journal of Marine Systems

104

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“…Leleu et al [142]), while others, such as trawling, capture non-targeted species and have a stong mechanical impact upon benthic ecosystems [143][144][145][146]. Due to overfishing, most benthic ecosystems are strongly depleted in teleosts (fish), especially in invertivores (consumers of invertebrates) and top predator fish, with a dramatic decrease in mean size and in number of individuals [64,[147][148][149]. Only a very few Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), such as the Port-Cros National Park (Provence, France), the Stait of Bunifaziu Natural Reserve, the Scandula Natural Reserve (Corsica) and the Cabrera National Park (Balearic Islands), are free of this impact [40, 149,150].…”

Section: The Impact Of Overfishingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Biodiversity - Warming vs. Biological Invasions and overfishing in the Mediterranean Sea: Take care, ‘One Train can hide another’

Boudouresque¹

2017

MOJES

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Biodiversity means the variety of life, encompassing levels of complexity from within species to across ecosystems. Biodiversity therefore includes several dimensions: evolutionary scale (genetic, species, higher taxonomic levels and phylogenetic diversity), functional scale, organizational scale (patch, ecosystem, landscape/seascape diversity), spatial scale (from sample to local, regional and global richness) and heterogeneity diversity. Biodiversity can therefore be measured in different and complementary ways, thus involving the use of at least 200 different metrics, which can suggest different and contrasting conclusions. It is worth emphasizing that species richness may be the least appropriate metric, despite its popular acceptance. There is a growing tendency for stakeholders, managers, government officials, environmentalists, scientists, politicians and the media to focus, as concerns threats to biodiversity, on species richness and climate change. However, focusing on climate warming can mask other stressors that, today, and perhaps for decades to come, may have more impact on ecosystems than global warming. In the Mediterranean Sea, the overall impact of Non-Indigenous Species (NISs) and overfishing on species diversity, ecosystem diversity and ecosystem functioning exceeds to a greater or lesser degree the direct impact of warming. Drastically altered functioning patterns, and even new ecosystems are spreading throughout the Mediterranean Sea. This trend is likely to become more pronounced over the next decades. Ecosystem goods and services are also being profoundly altered, generally towards a decline, as illustrated by the overgrazed barren grounds of the eastern basin, which no longer support fisheries, by the impact of the Caulerpa meadows on the scuba diving business and the economic value of the fisheries of the western basin, by the brackish lagoon ecosystems and by the blooms of the introduced comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Black Sea, before the arrival of its predator Beroe ovata. Here, we draw attention to the fact that, at this moment and probably also in the future, the huge flow of NISs and overfishing constitute worrying issues, although largely ignored by stakeholders and political authorities. Take care: Un train peut en cacher un autre (one train can hide another; i.e. one danger may hide other unsuspected dangers), that is to say the impact of warming may contribute to hiding other effects, of at least equal gravity, such as biological invasions and overfishing.

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“…The GoL is a highly exploited area for fisheries (Demaneche et al, 2009;Bănaru et al, 2013). Here, as in other parts of the world, fishing has reduced the biomass of top predators (Aldebert, 1997;Piroddi et al, 2017), with potential cascading effects on the flows and biomass in the food web (Pauly et al, 1998;Cury et al, 2003;Bănaru et al, 2010;Ferretti et al, 2010). Climate variations impact the GoL ecosystems through river inputs (Ludwig et al, 2009) or hydrological processes (Hermann et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of an end-to-end model of the Gulf of Lions ecosystem (NW Mediterranean Sea). I. Parameterization, calibration and evaluation

Bănaru

Diaz

Verley³

et al. 2019

Ecological Modelling

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An end-to-end model named OSMOSE-GoL has been built for the Gulf of Lions, the main French Mediterranean fishing area. This spatialized dynamic model links the coupled hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model Eco3M-S/SYMPHONIE (LTLlow trophic level model) to OSMOSE (HTLhigh trophic level model). It includes 15 compartments of living organisms, five from the LTL model (i.e. nanophytoplankton, microphytoplankton, nanozooplankton, microzooplankton and mesozooplankton) and ten from the HTL model (northern krill, southern shortfin squid, European pilchard, European anchovy, European sprat, Atlantic horse mackerel, Atlantic mackerel, blue whiting, European hake and Atlantic bluefin tuna). With the exception of northern krill and European sprat, all HTL species are commercially exploited and undergo fisheries mortality pressure. The modeled species represent more than 70% of annual catches in this area. This paper presents the parameterization, calibration and evaluation of this model with satellite data for phytoplankton and with biomass, landings, diet and trophic level data for HTL groups. For most species, the diets in output of OSMOSE-GoL are similar to field and literature data in terms of dominant prey groups and species. However, some differences were observed. Various reasons may explain the mismatch between the modeled diet and field data. Benthic prey sometimes observed in the stomach content of the HTL predators were not modeled in OSMOSE-GoL. Field studies were carried out at specific periods and locations, while our data concern the period 2001-2004 and the entire modeled domain. Inter-and intra-annual variations in spatial distribution and density of prey may also explain these differences. The model estimates trophic level values similar to those cited in the literature for all the HTL compartments. These values are also close to the trophic levels estimated by a previous Ecopath model for the same area and period. Even though some improvements are still Highlights ► Spatialized dynamic model linking the coupled model Eco3M-S/SYMPHONIE to OSMOSE. ► The model was calibrated and evaluated with satellite, biomass, landings, and trophic data. ► Outputs of the end-to-end OSMOSE-GoL model are similar to field and literature data.

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Man induced change in community control in the north-western Black Sea: The top-down bottom-up balance

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Trophic structure in the Gulf of Lions marine ecosystem (north-western Mediterranean Sea) and fishing impacts

Trophic structure in the Gulf of Lions marine ecosystem (north-western Mediterranean Sea) and fishing impacts

Marine Biodiversity - Warming vs. Biological Invasions and overfishing in the Mediterranean Sea: Take care, ‘One Train can hide another’

Implementation of an end-to-end model of the Gulf of Lions ecosystem (NW Mediterranean Sea). I. Parameterization, calibration and evaluation

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