Man and Beast in Chalcolithic Cyprus

Croft, Paul

doi:10.2307/1357262

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Table 1 offers a framework to organize and overview what is known about forest history, settlement expansion and contraction, and changing land use, across ten millennia of Holocene time. It is distilled from a wide range of recent archaeological studies (Croft, 1991;Fejfer and Hayes, 1995;Given, 2000;Guilaine and LeBrun, 2003;Harris, n.d.;Held, 1992;Horwitz et al, 2004;Knapp et al, 1994;McClellan and Rautman, 1995;Peltenburg et al, 2001;Rautman, 2003;Simmons et al, 1999;Steel, 2004;Stylianou and Stylianou, 2001;Toumazou et al, 1998). Historical landscape detail can be consulted in the classic 1:63,360 topographic and land use map series of Kitchener and Grant (1885), while satellite imagery is readily available through a variety of sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoarchaeological approaches to the environmental history of Cyprus: explication and critical evaluation

Butzer

Harris

2007

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoarchaeological approaches to the environmental history of Cyprus: explication and critical evaluation

Butzer

Harris

2007

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Birds of 61 The Cornell Ornithology Lab 2009; Cornell Ornithology Lab 2014. Animal remains and the use of the live animals in antiquity have also become prominent areas of study (Croft 1989;Cohen and Serjeanton 1996;Snyder 1999;Croft 2010;Zeder and Lapham 2010;Mylona 2013;Ekroth Forthcoming). For example, Russell (an anthropologist at Cornell University working on the material at Catalhöyük) partnered with McGowan (an ornithologist in the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology) to examine the significance of the crane images and crane bones at the site (Russell and McGowan 2003).…”

Section: Identifying and Approaching Cypro-archaic Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The object, housed in the Louvre, possesses an almond-shaped body with a short vertical tail fin, two small horizontal side fins, and a tall arched dorsal fin pierced for possible suspension ( Figure 251 For examples of dog representations dedicated in sanctuaries, see Young and Young (1955, 52). 252 For examples see Ekman (1976, 168), Croft (1989), Reese (1998);Steel (2004, 290), Moody (2012, 255 and 297). For faunal evidence in Greece, see Vika and Theodoropoulou (2012) and Dalby (2013, 27-28 and 68-70).…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 See Chapter 1 and Mylonas (1948, 72), Hamilakis (1998), Dabney et al (2004), andWright (2004). 24 For faunal evidence of goats, see Ekman (1976), Croft (1989), Steel (2004, 290), Calder (2011, Moody (2012, 240), Smith, Weird, and Serwint (2012, 176). For information on pigs, see Ulbrich (2012, 190-191).…”

Section: Birds and Religionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheep were also commonly depicted on Greek vases (Kitchell 2014, 170). 164 For faunal evidence, see Ekman (1976), Croft (1989), Steel (2004, 290), Calder (2011, 3), Moody (2012, 240). 165 Karageorghis and des Gagniers 1974, 48 The two almost life-size Tamassos lions were discovered in 1997, and were not yet available for Mylonas' study.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cypro-Archaic Bird Iconography: Types, Uses, and Meanings

Dissinger¹

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Images of birds became common in the art of Cyprus during the Archaic period, ca. 750-475 BC, and this study explores the types of birds created, the use of the images, and ultimately, the meanings imbedded in the representations. Despite their prevalence, most scholars have noted the birds in passing, and interpreted them as added decoration. A majority of scholarship about the decipherment of avian images in the ancient Mediterranean focuses on the Greek world, the Near East, and Egypt, while Cypriot bird portrayals lack in-depth analyses. Therefore, this project has three goals: first, to create a typological system for identification of bird images and objects, based on bird types; second, to establish a representative sample of known CyproArchaic bird images; third, to elucidate the cultural connotations associated with bird portrayals during the Cypro-Archaic period.This investigation begins by providing an introduction to how avifaunae and their images were perceived during antiquity in the eastern Mediterranean. In two subsequent chapters, the sculpted and painted birds are discussed separately, and are analyzed based on their classified bird type, as derived from the typological system created. Birds of prey, songbirds, and waterfowl have been identified in the Cypriot artistic repertoire. The context of the bird portrayals are also examined in order to distinguish patterns of deposition which highlight the use of the artifacts. Bird images are also analyzed in relation to the many other types of animal representations made on Cyprus during the Archaic period. Such comparisons situate the bird depictions in the larger sphere of Cypriot art and culture. In the conclusion, each bird type (bird of prey, songbird, and waterfowl) is summarized to expose the cultural connotations associated with each, and additionally, two major themes, religion and death, drawn from the analysis are discussed.It is demonstrated that each of the three identified bird types (bird of prey, songbird, and waterfowl) were deposited and used in particular ways during the Cypro-Archaic period, indicating that each type was perceived to have its own cultural connotation. The rarely created birds of prey were primarily deposited within private cultic contexts, suggesting they may have been apotropaic devices or manifestations of power. Representations of songbirds are mainly associated with ritualistic paraphernalia and have been found in sanctuaries, indicating their use in cultic rituals and thought. Waterfowl portrayals are most commonly discovered in mortuary assemblages, insinuating a relationship between the bird and conceptions of death. Thus, it is suggested that the three types of bird representations gained their cultural connotations by associations the ancient Cypriots attached to their live counterparts.

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Agriculture, Pastoralism, and Mediterranean Landscapes in Prehistory

Barker¹

2005

The Archaeology of Mediterranean Prehistory

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Man and Beast in Chalcolithic Cyprus

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Geoarchaeological approaches to the environmental history of Cyprus: explication and critical evaluation

Geoarchaeological approaches to the environmental history of Cyprus: explication and critical evaluation

Cypro-Archaic Bird Iconography: Types, Uses, and Meanings

Agriculture, Pastoralism, and Mediterranean Landscapes in Prehistory

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