Mammographic density increase in women receiving different hormone replacement regimens

Erel, C. Tamer; Esen, Gul; Seyisoğlu, Hakan; Elter, Koray; Uras, Cihan; Ertüngealp, Erdoğan; Aksu, M. Feridun

doi:10.1016/s0378-5122(01)00236-5

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Inverse associations with breast density were reported for older age, parity, postmenopausal status, and high body mass index (BMI) (El-Bastawissi et al , 2000; Lam et al , 2000; Vachon et al , 2000; Colacurci et al , 2001; Erel et al , 2001; Vachon et al , 2002; Gapstur et al , 2003; Warwick et al , 2003; Conner et al , 2004; Vachon et al , 2005; Maskarinec et al , 2006; Modugno et al , 2006; Titus-Ernstoff et al , 2006; Ginsburg et al , 2008; Johansson et al , 2008; Kelemen et al , 2008). A positive association between age at menarche and density was reported to be stronger in premenopausal women (El-Bastawissi et al , 2000; Vachon et al , 2000); in some studies (Vachon et al , 2000) these associations were attenuated in multivariate analyses.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A positive association between age at menarche and density was reported to be stronger in premenopausal women (El-Bastawissi et al , 2000; Vachon et al , 2000); in some studies (Vachon et al , 2000) these associations were attenuated in multivariate analyses. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), older age at first child's birth, nulliparity, a family history of breast cancer, and alcohol consumption have been reported to be associated with increased breast density (Gram et al , 1995; El-Bastawissi et al , 2000; Vachon et al , 2000, 2002, 2005; Colacurci et al , 2001; Erel et al , 2001; Rutter et al , 2001; Gapstur et al , 2003; Ziv et al , 2003; Conner et al , 2004; Harvey et al , 2005; Boyd et al , 2006; Maskarinec et al , 2006; Titus-Ernstoff et al , 2006). Inconsistent relations with breast density have been reported for smoking, circulating hormone levels (blood estrogen, estrone levels, total estradiol levels, sex hormone-binding globulin), race/ethnicity, and a few polymorphisms in the estrogen metabolism pathway genes (Boyd et al , 2002; Haiman et al , 2002; Gapstur et al , 2003; Warwick et al , 2003; Conner et al , 2004; Aiello et al , 2005; Noh et al , 2006; Warren et al , 2006; Bremnes et al , 2007; Maskarinec et al , 2007; Tamimi et al , 2007; Verheus et al , 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationship between breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in the Fernald Community Cohort

et al. 2012

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Background:We investigated associations of known breast cancer risk factors with breast density, a well-established and very strong predictor of breast cancer risk.Methods:This nested case–control study included breast cancer-free women, 265 with high and 860 with low breast density. Women were required to be 40–80 years old and should have a body mass index (BMI) <35 at the time of the index mammogram. Information on covariates was obtained from annual questionnaires.Results:In the overall analysis, breast density was inversely associated with BMI at mammogram (P for trend<0.001), and parity (P for trend=0.02) and positively associated with alcohol consumption (ever vs never: odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.4–2.8). Alcohol consumption was positively associated with density, and the association was stronger in women with a family history of breast cancer (P<0.001) and in women with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) history (P<0.001). Parity was inversely associated with density in all subsets, except premenopausal women and women without a family history. The association of parity with density was stronger in women with HRT history (P<0.001).Conclusion:The associations of alcohol and parity with breast density appear to be in reverse direction, but stronger in women with a family history of breast cancer and women who ever used HRT.

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Relationship between breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in the Fernald Community Cohort

et al. 2012

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“…Short term hormonal therapy does not have any influence on development of breast carcinoma 6,7 . Use of hormonal replacement before diagnosis of breast carcinoma does not influence negatively the prognosis and biological behaviour of tumors 1,8 .…”

Section: Changes In Mammographic and Ultrasound Image Of The Breast Omentioning

confidence: 92%

“…With combined hormonal replacement, a more significant density increase in the breast is reported with continual administration of estrogens and progestogens than with estrogen therapy in cyclic combination with progestogens 6,16 . A less obvious density increase and at a lower percentage level is reported with intradermal application of hormonal replacement therapy in comparison with peroral application 15 .…”

Section: Changes In Mammographic and Ultrasound Image Of The Breast Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in mammographic and ultrasound image of the breast of women undergoing estrogen replacement therapy

Houserková¹,

Matlochová²,

Hartlová³

2003

BIOMED PAP

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Objective: Evaluation of changes in mammographic and ultrasound image of the breast in female patients undergoing estrogen hormonal replacement therapy (ERT).Material and methods: 126 women with surgical menopause in case of benign disease using ERT and a control group of 100 women in menopause with no hormonal replacement therapy were selected for the study. Changes in the mammographic image were monitored in relation to individual types of breast according to Tabár's typology and with regard to the type of ERT application. In 38 women, changes in ultrasound image were also monitored together with ERT.Results: In 17 women (13 %) undergoing ERT, an increase in mammographic image density was found. This data was statistically significant in comparison with the control group without ERT (χ 2 = 21.566, p < 0.0001). In 103 (82 %) women there was no change in mammographic density and in 6 women (5 %) decreased density despite using of ERT was found. In the group of patients undergoing ERT in peroral form, we found a greater percentage of women with an increased mammographic density (17 %) in comparison with the group of women with intradermally applied ERT (9 %). Increased density of mammographic image was more frequent in women with a prevalence of adipose tissue in their breasts (type II according to Tabár).In 8 patients (21 %) of 38 women with ultrasound examination an enlargement or development of new benign formations in the breast was found; this data was statistically insignificant in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: In women with surgical menopause undergoing ERT, a statistically significant increase in the density of mammographic image was found (χ 2 = 21.566, p < 0.0001). Increase in density of mammographic image was most frequent in women with a predominance of adipose tissue in breasts (a type II according to Tabár) and in women undergoing ERT in the peroral form. These data were statistically insignificant in 21 % of women with supplementary ultrasound examination enlargement and development of new benign lesions in the breasts were found.Abbreviations: ERT − estrogen replacement therapy, HRT − hormonal replacement therapy.

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“…22 23 In one of our previous studies, we observed that oestrogen and progestogen-based HRT caused an increase in mammographic density in approximately 11% of postmenopausal women. 24 Although oestrogen-only regimens increase mammographic density less, the addition of a progestogen to oestrogen replacement therapy is most likely to cause an increase in mammographic density, and continuous combined HRT seems to be worse than cyclic combined HRT, [24][25][26][27][28] whereas the non-oral route of oestrogen replacement therapy causes less increase in mammographic density than the oral route. 29 A short-term suspension of HRT is known to reverse the increase in mammographic density.…”

Section: Radiological and Corresponding Histopathological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibolone and breast cancer

Erel

Şentürk²,

Kaleli³

2006

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Tibolone is a relatively new drug for postmenopausal women, which is structurally related to 19-nortestosterone derivatives and exhibits weak oestrogenic, progestogenic and androgenic activities. The effect of tibolone on breast tissue is still obscure. In vitro studies have shown conflicting results regarding the effects of tibolone on breast cells. On the other hand, although epidemiological studies show an increase in the risk of breast cancer among women treated with tibolone, accumulation of data obtained from radiological studies presents promising results. However, the safety of tibolone with regard to breast tissue needs to be investigated further, especially through well-designed, large-scale, randomised-controlled trials.

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Mammographic density increase in women receiving different hormone replacement regimens

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Relationship between breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in the Fernald Community Cohort

Relationship between breast cancer risk factors and mammographic breast density in the Fernald Community Cohort

Changes in mammographic and ultrasound image of the breast of women undergoing estrogen replacement therapy

Tibolone and breast cancer

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