Mammographic breast density in infertile and parous women

Abstract

BackgroundMammographic breast density is a useful marker for breast cancer risk, as breast density is considered one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors. The study objective was to evaluate and compare mammographic breast density in infertile and parous women, as infertility may be associated with high breast density and cancer occurrence.MethodsThis study evaluated mammographic breast density using two different systems, BIRADS and Boyd. A selected patient population of 151 women with primary infertility (case group) was compared to 154 parous women who had at least one previous pregnancy (control group). Both groups were premenopausal women aged ≥35.ResultsEvaluation of mammographic features showed that 66.9 % of case group patients and 53.9 % of control group patients were classified BIRADS-3/BIRADS-4; p < 0.05. Adjusted Odds ratio for the case group in the categories BIRADS-3/BIRADS-4 was 1.78 (95 % CI: 1.10-2.89). Using the Boyd classification system, 53.6 % of case group patients and 31.8 % of control group patients were classified E/F; p < 0.05. Adjusted Odds ratio for case group patients in Boyd categories E/F was 2.05 (95 % CI: 1.07-3.93).ConclusionsBoth systems yielded a higher percentage of increased breast density in the case group. Boyd and BIRADS classification systems indicate to what extend breast cancer lesions may be missed on mammography due to masking by dense tissue. Therefore, patients with a high BIRADS or Boyd score should undergo further investigation.

A quantitative approach to assess the correlation of mammographic breast density with selected affecting factors

“…In a study done by Vacek and Geller [23], it was identified that nulliparous women were more likely to have denser breasts when compared with parous women. Further, Letizia et al [28] and Ursin et al [14] claimed that the patients with primary infertility have higher breast densities than that of the parous women. However, this study did not find a significant difference in MBD between parous and nulliparous patients.…”

Screening of Potential Key Genes Related to Tubal Factor Infertility Based on Competitive Endogenous RNA Network

“…Nowadays, TFI is a key issue for women's reproductive health worldwide (Letizia et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2020b), which accounts for one-third of female infertility, and the incidence rate is increasing in recent years (Yuan et al, 2020). However, the molecular biological mechanism of TFI is still unclear (Malogajski et al, 2019).…”

Impact of childbirth history on dense breast in mammographic screening: a cross-sectional study

“…The process of this study was to investigate and compare the characteristics of nulliparous women with that of parous women. The items of their characteristics compared in this study was selected, based on previous studies [8,11,16]. Then, the impact of each item for dense breast was calculated in the univariate analysis.…”

“…The etiology of the dense breast is not definitively clear. Although the relationship between parity and dense breast is under investigation, many of these related studies are retrospective nature and involve relatively small sample [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Therefore, conclusive evidence regarding the association between a history of childbirth and mammographic density is lacking.…”