Mammary gland physiology and farm management of dairy mares and jennies

Palo, Pasquale De; Auclair-Ronzaud, Juliette; Maggiolino, Aristide

doi:10.3168/jdsc.2021-0174

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Moreover, compared to ruminants, equids have a different structure and a low storage capability for their udders [6], and mares [65] and donkeys [6] are more adapted to frequent milk removal (2 or 3 h after separation from the foal). Accordingly, the donkey mare has to be milked several times a day due to the relatively small amount of milk per milking [66,67]. Thus, the udder cistern of a donkey mare has a very small volume; therefore, only a small cisternal fraction of milk is available, and the alveolar fraction of milk is large (70-85%) [67].…”

Section: Morphological Properties Of the Mammary Gland In Female Donkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, the donkey mare has to be milked several times a day due to the relatively small amount of milk per milking [66,67]. Thus, the udder cistern of a donkey mare has a very small volume; therefore, only a small cisternal fraction of milk is available, and the alveolar fraction of milk is large (70-85%) [67].…”

Section: Morphological Properties Of the Mammary Gland In Female Donkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk Properties and Morphological Characteristics of the Donkey Mammary Gland for Development of an Adopted Milking Machine—A Review

Kaskous¹,

Pfaffl

2022

Dairy

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Donkey milk (DM) has been known in the world for 5000 years for its benefits for human nutrition and health. Nowadays, DM has become more and more attractive as a commercial product. DM contains several physiologically functional components, including high-quality whey proteins, vitamins, important minerals, unsaturated fatty acid and bioactive components. Therefore, it is not only consumed as food but also as a remedy. The average daily milk yield of a female donkey over the entire lactation season was 1.57 ± 1.12 kg/day and fluctuated between 0.20 and 6.00 kg/day. Average milk concentrations (±SD) of fat, protein, lactose, total solids and ash in DM were 0.63 ± 0.41%, 1.71 ± 0.24%, 6.34 ± 0.37%, 9.11 ± 0.95% and 0.39 ± 0.04%, respectively. Interestingly, DM is similar in composition to mare’s milk, and both are similar to mother’s milk. The anatomical and morphological properties of the mammary gland of the female donkey are special and can be compared with those of mare udders. However, the cistern cavity of the mammary gland of female donkeys is characterized by the presence of multiple pockets that open directly into the teat, instead of a single cistern cavity. Therefore, the mammary gland capacity in donkey mare is low and milking technique and routine are of most importance. So far there is no special milking machine for female donkeys and mares. The milking machines used nowadays were initially designed for smaller sheep and goat udders. The company Siliconform, Germany, has set itself the task of developing an optimized milking machine for donkey mares, which is adapted to the anatomical and morphological properties of the donkey mammary gland. Furthermore, it should achieve a physiologically ideal milking process meeting high animal welfare standards for increased milk production with high quality standards.

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Section: Morphological Properties Of the Mammary Gland In Female Donkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Properties Of the Mammary Gland In Female Donkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Properties and Morphological Characteristics of the Donkey Mammary Gland for Development of an Adopted Milking Machine—A Review

Kaskous¹,

Pfaffl

2022

Dairy

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Caseins in equid’s milk: the hard cheese-making process with milk produced by nonruminant herbivores

Polidori,

Vincenzetti

2024

Casein

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Transcriptome analysis reveals immune function-related mRNA expression in donkey mammary glands during four developmental stages

Wang,

Fei,

Shao

et al. 2024

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Pr

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Mammary gland physiology and farm management of dairy mares and jennies

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Milk Properties and Morphological Characteristics of the Donkey Mammary Gland for Development of an Adopted Milking Machine—A Review

Milk Properties and Morphological Characteristics of the Donkey Mammary Gland for Development of an Adopted Milking Machine—A Review

Caseins in equid’s milk: the hard cheese-making process with milk produced by nonruminant herbivores

Transcriptome analysis reveals immune function-related mRNA expression in donkey mammary glands during four developmental stages

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