Mammary duct ectasia in infant breast with bloody nipple discharge: Sonographic findings

Bayrak, İlkay Koray; Yalin, T; Nural, Mehmet Selim; Ceyhan, Meltem

doi:10.1002/jcu.20407

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This case report is in accordance with other reported cases in literature regarding BND in childhood (1–13). In this case, there was spontaneous resolution within 4 months.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Until some time ago, no pathological examination was carried out in these cases, and BND was associated with hormonal ductal hyperplasia (6,7). Ductal ectasia, the main cause of BND in adults and also the cause of BND in this case report, has been described in premenarcheal girls (8,9), in prepuberal boys with breast enlargement (7,10), in prepuberal boys without breast enlargement (3,5,6), and in newborns (6,11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…It was proposed in the former report (13) that the initial investigation of BND should include analysis of the nipple discharge with Gram stain, cytologic examination, and bacterial culture. In addition, ultrasound and doppler imaging are ideal for studying the pediatric subareolar region (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bloody Nipple Discharge in Childhood

et al. 2011

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“…This case report is in accordance with other reported cases in literature regarding BND in childhood (1–13). In this case, there was spontaneous resolution within 4 months.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 57%

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Bloody Nipple Discharge in Childhood

et al. 2011

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“…The cystic lesions may be small and simple, or larger and multiseptated or complex [7,8]. The Cystic appearance on ultrasound may lead to alternate differential diagnoses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammary duct ectasia with bloody nipple discharge in a child

Jung

Chung

2014

Ann Surg Treat Res

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Mammary duct ectasia is a rare disease in children and often presents as a cystic mass with bloody nipple discharge. The pathophysiology of mammary duct ectasia is unclear, and the differential diagnosis of other cystic masses with hemorrhage, such as complicated lymphangioma, is necessary. Here, we report a 14-month-old boy who exhibited unilateral mammary duct ectasia with bloody nipple discharge that was treated with surgical excision. Because some authors have reported that mammary duct ectasia can be often be resolved without surgery, conservative therapy should be considered first when a child presents with a cystic mass with bloody nipple discharge. However, the optimal duration of follow-up and timing of surgical excision have not yet been established.

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“…Over the last 25 years 17 case reports of infants (<2 years old) with BND have been described (Table 1). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Both unilateral and bilateral cases, with or without breast enlargement, were reported. Breast-feeding and bottle-feeding were equally often reported.…”

Section: Bloody Nipple Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Does bloody nipple discharge occur during normal breast development in infancy?

Tan

Bosstraeten

Casteels

2010

Pediatrics International

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Bloody nipple discharge (BND) is a rare finding in neonates and infants. In contrast to BND in adults, BND in infants has been reported as a benign disorder. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Breast carcinoma under the age of three years has not been reported. 3 We report a case of unilateral BND in a 6-month-old boy and describe the cytological findings. An overview of the existing literature on normal breast development and BND and a hypothesis on the pathogenesis of BND is put forward. Case ReportA 6-month-old boy presented with painless unilateral BND (dark brown/red color) for one week. There was no breast hypertrophy. The boy was in good health and had no other complaints. There was no history of local trauma. He was exclusively breast-fed until the age of 4 months. Familial history was negative for bleeding diathesis, breast carcinoma or endocrine disorders. Mild pressure on the areola revealed a few drops of bloody discharge. Cytology of the nipple discharge was performed and showed fat cells, erythrocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages ( Fig. 1). There were no malignant cells. Culture of the fluid was sterile. Ultrasound of the breast revealed dilatation of the glandular ductile system. Mammary duct ectasia was diagnosed. The nipple discharge diminished gradually and resolved spontaneously within two months. Follow up until the age of 12 months was uneventful. Discussion Normal infant breast developmentFew data exist on the development and the growth of the human breast during the first months of life. 10-12 Breast hypertrophy in newborns with or without milky discharge is often seen. This phenomenon is sex independent. It is hypothesized that breast hypertrophy is caused by hormone excess either from maternal origin or from the gonads of the newborn itself. 4,10 McKiernan et al. studied the histology of breast development in infants who died between the age of 3 weeks and 2 years and found well-formed lobules, which contained dilated ducts filled with secretions. Foci of hematopoiesis were present. 10 Two other studies reported that development of the mammary ducts seemed to follow a certain chronology: cystic dilatation followed by regression with accumulation of eosinophilic and inflammatory cells around the basement membrane.

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Mammary duct ectasia in infant breast with bloody nipple discharge: Sonographic findings

Abstract: Bloody nipple discharge is very rare in childhood. We report the sonographic findings of mammary duct ectasia and cystic changes under the nipple with abnormal content involving a 3-month-old boy with bloody nipple discharge.

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Bloody Nipple Discharge in Childhood

Bloody Nipple Discharge in Childhood

Mammary duct ectasia with bloody nipple discharge in a child

Does bloody nipple discharge occur during normal breast development in infancy?

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