Mammals collected in eastern Sumatra by Dr. W. L. Abbott during 1903, 1906, and 1907, with descriptions of new species and subspecies

Lyon, Marcus Ward

doi:10.5479/si.00963801.34-1626.619

Cited by 24 publications

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“…The only accurate weights for wild orang utans appear to be those of Abbott, as reported by Lyon (1907Lyon ( , 1908Lyon ( , 1911. These were analysed by Eckhardt (19751, who pointed out that a failure to transform avoirdupois to metric in the case of the Bornean specimens had resulted in a spurious disparity in subsequent literature between reported weights of Bornean and Sumatran subspecies ofP.…”

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“…According to Fooden and Izor (19831, the third molars erupt at about age 9 to 10 years; this being the traditional criterion of maturity, both Schultz (1941) and Eckhardt (1975) include as "adult" all specimens in which third molars are reported by Lyon (1908Lyon ( ,1911 to have the third molars at least visible in their alveoli. From Fooden and Izor's data (19831, however, it is clear that males continue to grow well into their teen years and females perhaps somewhat beyond 10 years of age.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Lyon (1911) gave the weights of five specimens: 145301 ("adult"), 145303 ("young, M3 not visible"), 145304 ("adult, rather old"), 145307 ("young, M3 not through alveolus"), and 153823 ("adult"). The weights, as Eckhardt (19751 pointed out, were purportedly converted into kilograms, but actually remained in pounds; they range, in kg, from 66 (145303) Lyon (1908) as "adult" or "nearly adult," but in fact only two are fully mature: 143597149853 and 143602139863, which are the heaviest and the lightest in the series at 44.35 and 33.57 kg, respectively. But the former contained a "well-grown foetus," which, if near term, would account for 1.5 to 2 kg of this weight (Schultz, 1914;Fooden and Izor, 1983; Markham and Groves, manuscript in preparation).…”

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Brief communication: Weights of wild orang utans

Markham

Groves

1990

American J Phys Anthropol

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Brief communication: Weights of wild orang utans

Markham

Groves

1990

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Only means and ranges were presented in the most recent analysis performed by Markham and Groves (1990), so to obtain individual measurements we returned to the original data sources (Lyon, 1907(Lyon, , 1908(Lyon, , 1911. Upon reexamination we found small inconsistencies in Markham and Groves' (1990) reanalysis and presentation of these data.…”

Section: Reanalysis Of Previously Published Orangutan Body Mass Measumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abbott, obtained from specimens collected during surveys and expeditions in 1907. These weights were first reported by Lyon (1907Lyon ( , 1908Lyon ( , 1911 and then reanalyzed by Eckhardt (1975). Markham and Groves (1990) re-examined the original specimens and determined that several individuals who were not fully adult had been included in the original sample.…”

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Body mass of wild bornean orangutans living in human‐dominated landscapes: Implications for understanding their ecology and conservation

Rayadin¹,

Spehar

2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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Body mass is a key determinant of a species' ecology, including locomotion, foraging strategies, and energetics. Accurate information on the body mass of wild primates allows us to develop explanatory models for relationships among body size, ecology, and behavior and is crucial for reconstructing the ecology and behavior of fossil primates and hominins. Information on body mass can also provide indirect information on health and can be an important tool for conservation in the context of increasingly widespread habitat disturbance. This study reports body mass data recorded for wild Northeast Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus morio) during relocation efforts in forestry and oil palm plantations in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The average mass of flanged adult males (n = 12, 74 ± 9.78 kg) and adult females (n = 7, 35.29 ± 7.32 kg) from this study were 13.6% and 9% lower, respectively, than the only other published wild Bornean orangutan body mass measurements, but the range of weights for both males and females was larger for this study. This pattern could be due to sampling error, data collection differences, or the influence of habitat disturbance, specifically a lack of access to resources, on individual health. When necessary relocations present the opportunity, we encourage researchers to prioritize the collection of body size data for the purposes of understanding ecology but also as an indirect means of monitoring population viability. As primate habitat becomes increasingly fragmented and altered by humans such data will become critical to our ability to make informed conservation decisions.

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Growth curves, dental emergence norms, and supplementary morphological observations in known‐age captive orangutans

Fooden¹,

Izor²

1983

American J Primatol

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Postnatal development in known-age captive orangutans was studied by collating new data from seven orangutans at Chicago Zoological Park, Brookfield, Illinois, with published and unpublished data from 76 additional captive orangutans. Norms were tabulated for deciduous and permanent dental emergence. Growth curves for weight and linear dimensions in females and males were compared in captive-reared and wild-reared subjects. Hand-reared and mother-nursed captives were compared with respect to dental emergence and weight increase. Differential relative growth of extremity segments was investigated. Pedigree data are presented relative to genetics of hallucal nail absence. Males of various ages were compared with respect to testis size and location and cheek-pad development. an undocumented weight curve to age 10 yr (sex unspecified) has been published by Reynolds [1967, p 741. Further information concerning weight in known-age young orangutans and age of emergence of deciduous teeth has been published by several authors, most notably Seitz [1969a, p 821 and Lippert 11977, pp 220, 2231. In addition, the important file of data on development in young orangutans at Yerkes Regional Primate Center is currently being analyzed for future publication by Dr Terry L. Maple (personal communication). Lacking until now, however, are documented weight curves from birth into adulthood, growth curves for linear dimensions, and composite dental emergence norms. The present study of orangutan development resulted from an opportunity to examine and measure seven captives at Brookfield Zoo on the occasion of their relocation into new quarters. MATERIALS AND METHODSSeven orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) [Hoppius, 1760, p 681, ranging in age from 7 months to 23 yr, were examined at the Chicago Zoological Park, Brookfield, Illinois (Brookfield Zoo), on January 19, 1983 (Table I). The six largest subjects were studied while they were under anesthesia to facilitate their relocation; the smallest one was restrained manually. Weights of the animals, unfed since the preceding day, were taken by zoo staff members. Dental examinations were conducted by a team from the Loyola University School of Dentistry.We followed standard mammalogical procedure (Hall, 1981, p 11261 in measuring length of the ear (notch to apex) and length of the foot (heel to tip of longest toe). Length of the hand was measured in a manner comparable to that used in measuring length of the foot. Other measurement procedures were specially adapted for application to living orangutans, as indicated below:Crown-heel length (= standing height) was measured by extending supine subject at full length, projecting perpendicularly from plane of vertex and plane of heels to substrate, marking projections on substrate, and measuring by tape the linear distance on the substrate between the vertex projection mark and the heel projection mark. This is essentially the same technique used by Hornaday [1910, p 4051 to measure orangutans in the field. This measurement also approximately corresp...

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Mammals collected in eastern Sumatra by Dr. W. L. Abbott during 1903, 1906, and 1907, with descriptions of new species and subspecies

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Brief communication: Weights of wild orang utans

Brief communication: Weights of wild orang utans

Body mass of wild bornean orangutans living in human‐dominated landscapes: Implications for understanding their ecology and conservation

Growth curves, dental emergence norms, and supplementary morphological observations in known‐age captive orangutans

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