Mammalian Genomic Imprinting

Bartolomei, Marisa S.; Ferguson-Smith, Anne C.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a002592

Cited by 449 publications

(456 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Most of imprinted genes were found to reside in clusters of approximately one megabase [1]; therefore, discovery of novel imprinted genes often uses the already established clusters as a guide [11]. We generated a genome visualization of the known ovine imprinted, monoallelically expressed, and putative imprinted genes identified in our analysis (Figure 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A unique feature of genomic imprinting is that imprinted genes tend to cluster as a result of long-range regulation by the imprinting control regions [1]. In sheep, the previously identified 21 imprinted genes are mostly clustered on chromosomes 18 and 21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic imprinting refers to the epigenetic phenomenon in which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner and play critical roles in fetal growth as well as post-natal development and metabolism [1]. The imprinted alleles are silenced or reduced in expression compared to the non-imprinted and expressed alleles [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genomic imprinted genes in ovine fetuses

et al. 2018

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Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon of differential allelic expression based on parental origin. To date, 263 imprinted genes have been identified among all investigated mammalian species. However, only 21 have been described in sheep, of which 11 are annotated in the current ovine genome. Here, we aim to i) use DNA/RNA high throughput sequencing to identify new monoallelically expressed and imprinted genes in day 135 ovine fetuses and ii) determine whether maternal diet (100%, 60%, or 140% of National Research Council Total Digestible Nutrients) influences expression of imprinted genes. We also reported strategies to solve technical challenges in the data analysis pipeline. We identified 80 monoallelically expressed, 13 new putative imprinted genes, and five known imprinted genes in sheep using the 263 genes stated above as a guide. Sanger sequencing confirmed allelic expression of seven genes, CASD1, COPG2, DIRAS3, INPP5F, PLAGL1, PPP1R9A, and SLC22A18. Among the 13 putative imprinted genes, five were localized in the known sheep imprinting domains of MEST on chromosome 4, DLK1/GTL2 on chromosome 18 and KCNQ1 on chromosome 21, and three were in a novel sheep imprinted cluster on chromosome 4, known in other species as PEG10/SGCE. The expression of DIRAS3, IGF2, PHLDA2, and SLC22A18 was altered by maternal diet, albeit without allelic expression reversal. Together, our results expanded the list of sheep imprinted genes to 34 and demonstrated that while the expression levels of four imprinted genes were changed by maternal diet, the allelic expression patterns were un-changed for all imprinted genes studied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genomic imprinted genes in ovine fetuses

et al. 2018

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“…Likewise, during primordial germ cell specification, somatic epigenetic programs acquired during early embryogenesis are erased and subsequently replaced by female and male specific germ cell programs. In the case of DNA methylation in the context of genomic imprinting, however, part of the germline program escapes reprogramming in early embryos, safe guarding parental specific expression during somatic development [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental epigenetic control of embryogenesis: a balance between inheritance and reprogramming?

Gill

Erkek

Peters

2012

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

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At fertilization, fusion of two differentiated gametes forms the zygote that is capable of forming all of the varied cell lineages of an organism. It is widely thought that the acquisition of totipotency involves extensive epigenetic reprogramming of the germline state into an embryonic state. However, recent data argue that this reprogramming is incomplete and that substantial epigenetic information passes from one generation to the next. In this review we summarize the changes in chromatin states that take place during mammalian gametogenesis and examine the evidence that early mammalian embryogenesis may be affected by inheritance of epigenetic information from the parental generation.

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“…Maternally imprinted loci are those which are chemically modified primarily on the maternally inherited chromosome and represent the majority of known imprinted loci. In mice, the Igf2-H19 and Dlk1-Meg3 loci are two of only four known loci which are paternally imprinted [16]. Thus, the fusion of oocytes does not provide complementing chemical modifications at imprinted loci, preventing the dosage of imprinted gene expression which is found in a normal conceptus and preventing the proper growth and development of the resulting embryo, and work by Kono, et al highlighted the specific importance of the paternally imprinted Igf2-H19 locus in overcoming this restriction for creating viable bimaternal mice.…”

Section: The Igf2-h19 and Dlk1-meg3 Loci In Embryogenesis And Malignancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The DLK1-MEG3 locus in malignant cells of proposed primordial germ cell origins.

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Mammalian Genomic Imprinting

Cited by 449 publications

References 103 publications

Effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genomic imprinted genes in ovine fetuses

Effects of maternal nutrition on the expression of genomic imprinted genes in ovine fetuses

Parental epigenetic control of embryogenesis: a balance between inheritance and reprogramming?

The DLK1-MEG3 locus in malignant cells of proposed primordial germ cell origins.

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