Mammalia: Chiroptera: Immunology of Bats

Baker, Michelle L.; Schountz, Tony

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76768-0_23

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…46 Constitutively expressed ISG transcripts in type I IFN-α treated P. alecto cells increase rapidly to higher levels compared to humans followed by a subsequent rapid decline. 34,45,62 These kinetics may correspond to a quicker and more aggressive control of virus replication and reduced secondary cellular damage. Elevated ISG transcript levels in IFN-treated human cells however, while of lower magnitude, remain elevated for longer times.…”

Section: Part 1 the Innate Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Part 2 the Adaptive Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Some bats and pangolins, on the other hand, have only three IFN-α genes, the fewest number of IFN genes of any mammalian species sequenced so far to date. 8,34,35 However other bat species have >20 IFN-ω genes that factor significantly in their innate immune responses. In comparison, there are 60 porcine type I IFN functional genes, the highest number in one species (paralleled only by domestic cows), divided into eight subtypes, plus about 20 pseudogenes.…”

Section: Part 1 the Innate Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…84 It has been repeatedly shown that while wild-caught bats develop neutralizing antibodies to a variety of viruses, these antibodies do not always provide protection following re-exposure. 34,[84][85][86] Notably, secretory IgA is seen at surprisingly low levels in P. alecto, raising questions about mucosal immunity of some bats. 83 A lack of gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), to be discussed later, has been noted in at least two species of bats, P. pipistrellus and R. hilebrandtii, suggesting a correlate between the lack of GALT and the absence of IgA.…”

Section: Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From bats to pangolins: new insights into species differences in the structure and function of the immune system

Haley¹

2022

Innate Immun

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Species differences in the structure and function of the immune system of laboratory animals are known to exist and have been reviewed extensively. However, the number and diversity of wild and exotic species, along with their associated viruses, that come into contact with humans has increased worldwide sometimes with lethal consequences. Far less is known about the immunobiology of these exotic and wild species. Data suggest that species differences of the mechanisms of inflammation, innate immunity and adaptive immunity are all involved in the establishment and maintenance of viral infections across reservoir hosts. The current review attempts to collect relevant data concerning the basics of innate and adaptive immune functions of exotic and wild species followed by identification of those differences that may play a role in the maintenance of viral infections in reservoir hosts.

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Section: Part 1 the Innate Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Part 2 the Adaptive Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Part 1 the Innate Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From bats to pangolins: new insights into species differences in the structure and function of the immune system

Haley¹

2022

Innate Immun

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“…The long co‐evolutionary history of bats and viruses has led to immunological adaptation of bats and the resident viruses allowing for apathogenic infection. Some of these unique immunological differences in bats that have been studied include constitutive expression of INF‐signalling molecules, impaired formation of inflammasomes, absence of a number of NK‐cell receptors, lack of somatic hypermutation in immunoglobulin heavy chain genes and an altered INF‐stimulated gene profile, which is not associated with an acute inflammatory response [26]. The links between 'trained immunity' after live vaccinations, such as Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), and reduced severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection [27] as well recent positive results in an open‐label randomized trial of COVID‐19‐infected patients with a triple regimen including INF beta‐1b [28], support observations made in bats that a robust INF system plays a key role in protection against SARS‐CoV‐2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐COV‐2 and biomimetics: What saves the planet will save our health

et al. 2020

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Coevolutionary analysis of Forkhead box protein P3 and its physical binary interactors E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase CHIP, Zfp‐90, and nuclear receptor ROR‐α

D'Amico

Skarmoutsou²,

Libra

2023

Proteins

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Forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) is known to orchestrate the development and maintenance of T regulatory cells, a cell population specialized in immune suppression and peripheral immune tolerance. FOXP3 activity is fine-tuned through its interaction with several protein-binding partners. By using IntAct database, we retrieved three physical binary interactors: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP, Zfp-90, and nuclear receptor ROR-α. Coevolution clusters between FOXP3 and its interactors were identified with the use of iBIS2 algorithm, the iterative version of BIS/BIS2.Most of the coevolving pairs came from some species of monotremes and marsupials, as well as from a group of bats, thus suggesting that protein interactions of FOXP3 with its partners may be changed and/or modulated during mammalian speciation. Furthermore, our analysis would suggest the occurrence of a determinant role of FOXP3 in suppressing pregnancy alloreactions in placental mammals. Similarly, FOXP3, through its interaction with different protein interaction mechanisms, would explain the unique control of inflammatory response to infections in bats. By identifying several inter-protein clusters between the different protein pairs, our findings may provide a guide for new therapeutic approaches to modulate T regulatory suppression and/or enhance immune tolerance.

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Mammalia: Chiroptera: Immunology of Bats

Cited by 7 publications

References 109 publications

From bats to pangolins: new insights into species differences in the structure and function of the immune system

From bats to pangolins: new insights into species differences in the structure and function of the immune system

SARS‐COV‐2 and biomimetics: What saves the planet will save our health

Coevolutionary analysis of Forkhead box protein P3 and its physical binary interactors E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase CHIP, Zfp‐90, and nuclear receptor ROR‐α

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