Maltreatment, family environment, and social risk factors: Determinants of the child welfare to juvenile justice transition among maltreated children and adolescents

Vidal, Sarah; Prince, Dana M.; Connell, Christian M.; Caron, Colleen; Kaufman, Joy S.; Tebes, Jacob Kraemer

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.013

Cited by 77 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…These findings support the notion that living in nonnuclear families (Kierkus & Hewitt, ) and impoverished neighborhoods are not deterministic risks for delinquency and criminal justice involvement (Vidal et al., ). Rather, the indicators in this class support existing research that suggests that positive parenting can minimize the negative effects of poverty (Lengua et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Understanding the ecological context of mental, emotional, and behavioral health problems: A person‐centered approach

Logan-Greene

Linn

Hartinger-Saunders

et al. 2019

Journal Community Psychology

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Aims: The social/environmental context of youth is important for mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) health. This study used person‐oriented methods to examine the influences of family, neighborhood, and poverty on late adolescent MEB outcomes. Methods: Latent class analysis was used to discern significant clusters of at‐risk, diverse young men (N = 625) based on contextual factors; differences in MEB outcomes were examined. Results: Four classes emerged. Resourced and Protected youth had low risk across all indicators. Non‐resourced and Protected youth lived in poverty, poor neighborhoods, but had good parenting; despite low delinquency, substance use was elevated. Resourced but High Risk youth had negative parenting but good neighborhoods. Outcomes included elevated delinquency and mental health problems. Non‐resourced and High Risk youth were poor, lived in bad neighborhoods, and experienced abusive parenting; MEB outcomes were poor. Conclusion: Findings confirm the unique effects that negative parenting, neighborhoods, and poverty have on adolescent development. Implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Understanding the ecological context of mental, emotional, and behavioral health problems: A person‐centered approach

Logan-Greene

Linn

Hartinger-Saunders

et al. 2019

Journal Community Psychology

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show abstract

“…However, enhanced cognitive capacities in adolescence may impose assumptions of maturity and accountability when identifying an appropriate response to a problem behavior, some of these responses may be more restrictive than those offered in early and middle childhood (Woolard & Scott, 2009;Scott & Steinberg, 2008). Indeed, the risk for multisystem involvement with the juvenile justice system peaks around adolescence (Vidal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research also suggests that previous system involvement is linked to differential treatment of minority youth in case processing and access to services. For example, racial and ethnic minority youth with a history of child welfare system or behavioral health system involvement are disproportionately referred to the juvenile justice system, including high rates of entry into secure correctional facilities (Vidal, Prince, Connell, Caron, Kaufman, & Tebes, 2017;Goodkind, Shook, Kim, Pohlig, & Herring, 2013;Ryan et al, 2013;Graves et al, 2007;Johnson-Reid & Barth, 2000;Vander Stoep, Evens, & Taub, 1997). These findings remain even after accounting for critical risk factors, such as history of arrest, home environment, peer association, school attendance, and receipt of mental health and substance abuse services (Goodkind et al, 2013;Ryan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem-Involved Youth: A Developmental Framework and Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Multisystem-involved youth are children and adolescents concurrently served in the child welfare, behavioral health, and/or juvenile justice systems. These youth are a high risk and vulnerable population, often due to their experience of multiple adversities and trauma, yet little is known about their multiple needs and pathways into multisystem involvement. Multisystem-involved youth present unique challenges to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. In this article, we summarize the literature on multisystem-involved youth, including prevalence, characteristics, risk factors, and disparities for this population. We then describe a developmental cascade framework, which specifies how exposure to adverse experiences in childhood may have a "cascading" or spillover effect later in development, to depict pathways of multisystem involvement and opportunities for intervention. This framework offers a multidimensional view of involvement across service systems and illustrates the complexities of relationships between micro-and macrolevel factors at various stages and domains of development. We conclude that multisysteminvolved youth are an understudied population that may represent majority of youth who are already served in another service system. Many of these youth are also disproportionately from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds. Currently, for multisystem-involved youth and their families, there is a lack of standardized and integrated screening procedures to identify youth with open cases across service systems; inadequate use of available instruments to assess exposure to complex trauma; inadequate clinical and family-related evidence-based practices specifically for use with this population; and poor cross-systems collaboration and coordination that align goals

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“…144 Other characteristics related to delinquency include age at first child welfare placement, years in placement, number of placements, total length of time in residential care, and sex, race, and recurrence of maltreatment. 144,146 African American youth involved in the child welfare system are up to 13 times more likely than white fostered youth to become involved in the juvenile justice system. 147 Reasons for this disparity are complex; however, structural racism should be considered.…”

Section: Transition Care To Adulthood: Barriers and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatrician Guidance in Supporting Families of Children Who Are Adopted, Fostered, or in Kinship Care

2020

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The child welfare system strives to provide children and adolescents in foster care with a safe, nurturing environment through kinship and nonkinship foster care placement with the goal of either reunification with birth parents or adoption. Pediatricians can support families who care for children and adolescents who are fostered and adopted while attending to children' s medical needs and helping each child attain their developmental potential. Although this report primarily focuses on children in the US child welfare system, private and internationally adopted children often have similar needs. THE FACES OF CHILD WELFARE IN THE UNITED STATES The child welfare system strives to protect the safety of children while supporting families whose children are placed in foster care. In this document, the term "child" includes infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. The child welfare system also serves as a bridge to the primary goal of permanency through reunification or adoption. On September 30, 2018, the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System reported that 437 283 children and adolescents were in foster care. 1 Of these children, 262 956 entered foster care during the fiscal year of 2018, with 250 103 exiting foster care. The number of children served in the foster care system during 2018 was 687 345. There were 125 422 children waiting to be adopted, with 71 254 having parental rights terminated and 63 123 subsequently being adopted from care. Primary reasons for entering foster care include neglect (62%), parental substance use (36%), poor coping skills of the caregiver (14%), physical abuse (13%), and inadequate housing (10%). Other reasons that account for less than 10% in each category include child behavior problems, parental incarceration, parental alcoholism, abandonment, sexual abuse, child disability, relinquishment, parental death, and child alcohol and other substance use. 1 A growing number of children, estimated to be 5% to 10%

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Maltreatment, family environment, and social risk factors: Determinants of the child welfare to juvenile justice transition among maltreated children and adolescents

Cited by 77 publications

References 64 publications

Understanding the ecological context of mental, emotional, and behavioral health problems: A person‐centered approach

Understanding the ecological context of mental, emotional, and behavioral health problems: A person‐centered approach

Multisystem-Involved Youth: A Developmental Framework and Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice

Pediatrician Guidance in Supporting Families of Children Who Are Adopted, Fostered, or in Kinship Care

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