Maltose and Totally Impermeable Film Enhanced Suppression of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation on Soilborne Pathogens and Increased Strawberry Yield

Abstract

<jats:p>Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is widely used to control soilborne diseases in organic crop production. The effect of ASD used different sealed films on soilborne pathogens and strawberry growth was evaluated in two laboratory studies and two field trials. Under maltose as carbon sources, 28 °C temperature and 30% of soil moisture optimal conditions ASD decreased Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. by 100%. ASD used maltose as an organic amendment and sealed with totally impermeable film (TIF) obtained the highest suppression (&gt;96%) against Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. (&gt;91%). According to the laboratory results, the efficacy of ASD utilizing 6 or 9 t/ha maltose and sealing with TIF was evaluated and compared with reference treatment with chloropicrin (Pic) or solarization (Sol) in the field trials. Compared with the untreated soil, ASD treatments greatly reduced the pathogenic population of Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp., and successfully controlled the damage of fusarium wilt with evidence of lower mortality (6%). ASD significantly increased soil nutrition promoted plant growth and increased strawberry yield, which was similar as the Pic, but better than Sol treatment. The analyzed fungal and bacterial microbiota did not show significant differences in the taxonomic richness and diversity between the compared treatments. Nevertheless, the abundance of some bacterial and fungal taxa tended to change between treated. The evidence showed that adding maltose and sealing TIF for ASD has the potential to replace Pic for pathogen control in commercial strawberry production.</jats:p>

Response of Strawberry Fruit Yield, Soil Chemical and Microbial Properties to Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation with Biochar and Rice Bran

“…Overbeek et al [26] found that ASD reduced the abundance of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil by more than 99.4%, and that such reductions also reduced bacterial wilt incidence. Our previous research had shown that ASD could be applied in pre-plant fumigation to control strawberry soil-borne pests, strengthen soil fertility, improve crop yield, and increase growers' income [13,27]. In this experiment, we found that Fusarium and Phytophthora species in Trials I and II were significantly reduced by as much as 98.6% 10 d after disinfestation.…”

“…Previous research has reported that anaerobic conditions generated by incorporating broccoli and weed materials into the soil significantly reduced the number of Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahlia pathogens [12]. Song et al [13] generated anaerobic conditions using maltose that reduced soil pathogens and increased strawberry yield. The effect of ASD is determined mostly by the organic material used as the carbon source, the soil's properties, the availability of water, and the size of the field [14].…”

Comparison of drip‐irrigated or injected allyl isothiocyanate against key soil‐borne pathogens and weeds

“…and Phytophthora spp. was recorded as Colony‐Forming Units (CFU) g −1 soil to quantify the effect of soil fumigation on soil‐borne pathogens according to previous studies 26–28 …”

“…was recorded as Colony-Forming Units (CFU) g −1 soil to quantify the effect of soil fumigation on soil-borne pathogens according to previous studies. [26][27][28] The root-knot nematode (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.) population was extracted following previous method.…”

Can Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation (ASD) be a Game Changer in Tropical Agriculture?

“…However, thorough studies are necessary targeting the tropical region since there is a severe information gap. One major limitation in ASD is the cost associated with the use of plastic/impermeable sheets, and it is estimated that ASD costs more than chemical fumigation [ 105 , 106 ]. In addition, labour cost and non-biodegradability of polyethylene are serious issues.…”