Malnutrition and tuberculosis: the gap between basic research and clinical trials

Téllez-Navarrete, Norma Angélica; Ramón‐Luing, Lucero A.; Muñoz-Torrico, Marcela; Osuna-Padilla, Iván Armando; Chávez‐Galán, Leslie

doi:10.3855/jidc.12821

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Malnutrition is one of the most important risk factors associated with TB development. An estimated 2.3 million TB cases have been attributed to malnutrition, which is more common than other causes (such as Human immunode ciency virus (HIV and diabetes mellitus) [9]. Malnutrition may result from insu cient energy intake [10], which presents with changes in the body composition, metabolism, and immune status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired pulmonary function and associated factors in the elderly with tuberculosis on admission

He¹,

Yang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can impair pulmonary function (PF), especially in the elderly. However, little is known regarding which risk factors contribute to impaired PF among the elderly with pulmonary TB.Methods: From January 2019 to February 2022, the elderly who were admitted to our hospital for pulmonary TB and underwent PF testing were included in this analysis. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The extent of impaired PF was then categorized based on the FEV1 and classified as grade 1–5. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for impaired PF.Results: A total of 249 patients who met the enrollment criteria were included in this analysis. According to the results of FEV1%, all patients were classified as grade 1 (n=37), grade 2 (n=46), grade 3 (n=55), grade 4 (n=56), or grade 5 (n=55). Statistical analysis showed that albumin (OR=0.928, P=0.013), body mass index (BMI)<18.5 kg/m2 (OR=4.968, P=0.046), lesion number≥3 (OR=4.229, P<0.001), male (OR=2.252, P=0.009), respiratory disease (OR=1.669, P=0.046), and cardiovascular disease (OR=2.489, P=0.027) were related to airway obstruction.Conclusions: A decline in PF is common in the elderly with pulmonary TB. The male sex, BMI<18.5 kg/m2, lesion number≥3, hypoproteinemia, and respiratory and cardiovascular comorbidities were identified as risk factors for a significant decline in PF. Our findings may be helpful to improve the current management of pulmonary TB in the elderly to save their lung function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired pulmonary function and associated factors in the elderly with tuberculosis on admission

He¹,

Yang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Malnutrition such as smoking, alcohol abuse, diabetes, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection has contributions to the attributable risk for tuberculosis. The consequences of malnutrition may include decreased response to treatment, a delay in recovery, a compromised immune system, increased susceptibility to infection, a lower quality of life, and an increased risk of death in many patients [ 15 ]. In this study, patients with malnutrition had typical features: a significantly lower body weight, BMI, and PG-SGA scores and a higher incidence of DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Assessment and Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with Tuberculosis

Lin

Chi

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: Malnutrition in patients with tuberculosis (TB) is associated with poor outcomes. This study assessed the validity of the patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) in adult TB patients and examined the association of the PG-SGA score with adverse outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review study compared with the well-nourished and malnourished TB patients. The nutritional status was determined using the PG-SGA for adult patients (n = 128). Clinical outcomes included liver injury and mortality. Adverse outcomes included hepatitis during anti-tuberculosis therapy. Results: By comparing nutritional status using global assessment, well-nourished patients had a significantly higher body weight index (p = 0.002), a lower PG-SGA score (p < 0.001), and lower diabetic rate (p = 0.029). Malnourishment was a risk factor (p = 0.022) for liver injury and fatal outcomes (p < 0.001). A higher PG-SGA score was a risk factor for liver injury (p = 0.002) and an independent risk factor for fatal outcomes (p = 0.031). ROC analysis for outcome prediction showed that a PG-SGA score of 5.5 points yielded the most appropriate sensitivity (61.5%) and specificity (64.7%). Conclusion: Both global assessment and the total PG-SGA score were related to tuberculosis outcome and liver injury during anti-TB treatment.

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“…Socioeconomic factors, such as isolation, poverty, and poor living conditions, are involved in the progression of malnutrition (17,41). Malnutrition commonly occurs in elderly patients and is highly prevalent in patients with malignant/severe chronic liver disease, heart or kidney disease, HIV/AIDS, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, impaired intestinal flora and cystic fibrosis, respiratory tuberculosis, and other diseases (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Various studies have shown that patients tend to receive less nutritional care due to the inexperience of hospital staff (52).…”

Section: Underlying Causes Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underlying Causes and Co-existence of Malnutrition and Infections: An Exceedingly Common Death Risk in Cancer

et al. 2022

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In nutrition science, malnutrition is a state of imbalance between intake and the needs of the organism, leading to metabolic changes, impaired physiological functions, and weight loss. Regardless of the countless efforts being taken and researched for years, the burden of malnutrition is still alarming and considered a significant agent of mortality across the globe. Around 45% of 12 million children deaths (0–5 years old) annually are due to malnutrition, mostly from developing countries. Malnutrition develops associations with other infections and leads to substantial clinical outcomes, such as mortality, more visits to hospitals, poor quality of life and physical frailty, and socioeconomic issues. Here, in this review, we intend to provide an overview of the current burden, underlying risk factors, and co-existence of malnutrition and other infections, such as cancer. Following the rising concern of the vicious interplay of malnutrition and other medical illnesses, we believed that this narrative review would highlight the need to re-make and re-define the future strategies by giving comprehensive and sustainable programs to alleviate poverty and combat the rampant infectious diseases and those nutrition-related health problems. Furthermore, the study also raises the concern for hospitalized malnourished cancer patients as it is crucially important to knowledge the caregiver healthcare staff for early interventions of providing nutritional support to delay or prevent the onset of malnutrition.

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Malnutrition and tuberculosis: the gap between basic research and clinical trials

Cited by 24 publications

References 64 publications

Impaired pulmonary function and associated factors in the elderly with tuberculosis on admission

Impaired pulmonary function and associated factors in the elderly with tuberculosis on admission

Nutrition Assessment and Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with Tuberculosis

Underlying Causes and Co-existence of Malnutrition and Infections: An Exceedingly Common Death Risk in Cancer

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