Malnutrition and cardiovascular risk in haemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Objective To verify the association between nutritional status and traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in haemodialysis patients. Methods A cross-sectional study with 132 patients over 18 years of age on haemodialysis to evaluate nutritional status through Subjective Global Assessment. Information on traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were obtained using a structured questionnaire; the Framingham score was also used to assess cardiovascular risk. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square Test or Fischer Exact Test and a Log-binomial Regression Model. Results Malnutrition affected 31.1% of patients. Among them, a higher percentage of smokers (p=0.016), former smokers (p=0.034) and diabetes Mellitus patients (p=0.001) were detected. Malnutrition was found to be 4.53 times more prevalent in diabetic individuals (95%CI: 1.99-10.27) and 2.26 times more prevalent among former smokers (95%CI: 1.04-4.95). Malnourished individuals exhibited a 4.03 times prevalence of moderate to severe cardiovascular risk. Conclusion A high prevalence of malnutrition and of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease were observed. Such factors included diabetes Mellitus, smoking and former smoker conditions and were associated with malnutrition. Inaddition, it was found that malnourished individuals were more likely to develop cardiovascular disease within 10 years.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity, cardiovascular risk, and anthropometric obesity indices in hemodialysis patients: A case-control study

“…Moreover, in this study, it was found that the cardiovascular risk scores were higher, and the majority of obesity indices were lower in the HD group than in the control, but ABSI and WHR were higher in women of the HD group. It has been shown in previous studies that the risk of cardiovascular disease is high in hemodialysis patients [35][36][37]. Risk factors such as renal dysfunction, duration of dialysis, uremic cardiomyopathy, oxidative stress, anemia, inflammation, and malnutrition may have resulted in a high risk of cardiovascular disease in the patients [36,38].…”

“…It has been shown in previous studies that the risk of cardiovascular disease is high in hemodialysis patients [35][36][37]. Risk factors such as renal dysfunction, duration of dialysis, uremic cardiomyopathy, oxidative stress, anemia, inflammation, and malnutrition may have resulted in a high risk of cardiovascular disease in the patients [36,38]. Although most of the obesity indices were found to be low due to inadequate energy and nutrient intake in the patients, ABSI and WHR values were high in the HD group of women in this study.…”

“…Hemodialysis treatment is the most preferred method in Turkey, and the prevalence of patients receiving hemodialysis as renal replacement therapy was 73.2% [34]. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death for hemodialysis patients [35][36][37]. Besides, obesity and oxidative stress increase the mortality and morbidity of these cardiovascular diseases, and that is why nutrition is a crucial factor for hemodialysis patients.…”

Perfil nutricional de pacientes renais crônicos em tratamento dialítico atendidos em uma cidade da região metropolitana do Recife/ Nutritional profile of chronic renal patients undergoing dialysis treatment in a city in the metropolitan region of Recife

“…Sendo importante ressaltar que ambas as patologias são consideradas fatores de risco cardiovascular (33).…”

“…Segundo a literatura a maioria dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento de HD são homens, acima de 60 anos, com escolaridade menor do que 8 anos de estudos e baixa renda (33,10,35).…”