Malignant histiocytosis in infants: Surface marker analysis of malignant cells in two cases

Ishii, Eiichi; Hara, Toshiro; Okamura, Jun; Suda, Masashi; Takeuchi, Takami; Lida, Koichi; Ueda, Kohji

doi:10.1002/mpo.2950150210

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Risdall et al [16] and Manoharan and Catovsky [28] analyzed the morphological differences between histiocytic cells found in both bone marrow and lymph nodes of patients with VAHS or MH. We have previously reported on the histological and im munological features of histiocytic cells in MH [29]. In this study, we classified each patient as having either VAHS or MH as suggested by these previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis of Children with Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Malignant Histiocytosis: Correlation with Levels of Serum Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor

et al. 1991

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To clarify the correlation of cytokine level with the severity and prognosis of children with the hemophagocytic syndrome, we analyzed serum interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in 26 children with either the virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS, n = 12) or malignant histiocytosis (MH, n = 14). When compared to healthy controls, 13 children had an elevated IL-1 ( ≥ 20 pg/ml) and 21 children had an elevated TNF ( ≥10 pg/ml) level at diagnosis. There was, however, no significant difference in the frequency of these high levels between the patients with VAHS and MH. Neither IL-1 nor TNF levels correlated with other clinical or laboratory findings in either VAHS or MH. Two of the 12 patients with VAHS died of an intracranial hemorrhage and 7 of the 14 patients with MH died despite chemotherapy. The MH patients who had a high TNF level (≥50 pg/ml) had a poorer prognosis than those with a low TNF level ( < 50 pg/ml; p < 0.01). In MH patients, other parameters, such as coagulopathy and lactic dehydrogenase, ferritin and IL-1 levels, did not correlate with prognosis. In 3 patients (2 with VAHS and 1 with MH) analyzed periodically, the change in TNF level was closely associated with the clinical progression or regression of the diseases. Serum cytokine levels may thus be monitored not only for predicting the severity and prognosis of VAHS or MH but also for determining the indications for or timing of chemotherapy. Moreover, TNF may play an important role in the progression of VAHS and MH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis of Children with Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Malignant Histiocytosis: Correlation with Levels of Serum Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor

et al. 1991

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Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in childhood—frequent occurrence of atypical mononuclear cells

Wong

Chan

et al. 1994

Hematological Oncology

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Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome, which is characterized by systemic proliferation of benign hemophagocytic histiocytes, usually presents as an acute febrile illness with pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. The commoner diseases associated with the syndrome are infection and malignant lymphoma. In this report, eight cases of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome occurring in infants and young children are described. Unlike the disease occurring in adults, there is frequent occurrence of atypical mononuclear cells both in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The morphological spectrum of these atypical cells is however still within that seen in infectious mononucleosis, and their reactive nature is substantiated by their spontaneous disappearance and subsequent recovery of the patients. It is important to distinguish this reactive proliferation from the neoplastic cells of 'malignant histiocytosis' or malignant lymphoma, since cytotoxic drugs are not warranted for treatment of this non-neoplastic condition.

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Childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma Ki‐1/CD30: Clinicopathologic features of 19 cases

Rubie¹,

Gladieff²,

Robert³

et al. 1994

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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The authors report their cumulative experience of 19 children with what was previously called malignant histiocytosis (MH) but is now considered a true lymphoma and termed anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). The median age at diagnosis was 10 years and 6 months (range 2 y, 11 m, to 15 y). There were 13 males and 6 females. Most cases presented with fever, wasting and enlarged, often tender, lymph nodes. Other features were: fleeting cutaneous rashes in 7 cases; spontaneous regression of lymph nodes and skin lesions were seen in 5 patients. Bone marrow involvement was present in 3 cases, pulmonary infiltrate in 5, kidneys in 2, and central nervous system in none. The morphology of lymph node involvement was consistent with so-called MH, a description originally applied to sinusoïdal infiltration by large "histiocytic" cells. The coexpression of lymphoid activation antigens Ki-1/CD 30 (18/19), epithelial membrane antigen EMA (18/19) and interleukin-2 receptor/CD 25 (10/10) was the unifying immunopathologic feature of the neoplasm. Lineage antigens were not identifiable in 8/19 instances (null phenotype), while 10/19 expressed a T-cell phenotype. None of the tumors expressed histiocytic markers. After variable, but intensive, combination chemotherapy, 15 children out of 18 evaluable achieved complete remission (CR). Among all patients, thirteen are still alive in CR (ten in first CR) with a median follow-up of 5 years. This evaluation in the pediatric age group reinforces that so-called MH is a lymphoid neoplasm, a conceptual change that could lead to improved understanding and therapy.

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Malignant histiocytosis in infants: Surface marker analysis of malignant cells in two cases

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Prognosis of Children with Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Malignant Histiocytosis: Correlation with Levels of Serum Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor

Prognosis of Children with Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Malignant Histiocytosis: Correlation with Levels of Serum Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor

Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in childhood—frequent occurrence of atypical mononuclear cells

Childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma Ki‐1/CD30: Clinicopathologic features of 19 cases

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