Malignant glomus tumor of the thyroid gland: a case report

Abstract

Objective Primary malignant glomus tumors of the thyroid gland are a rare occurrence. Methods A 68-year-old man found a mass on the right side of his neck in October 2017. An X-ray examination on 9 January 2018 showed multiple round reinforced masses in both sides of the lung. Computed tomography imaging of the neck showed a low-density mass on the right side of the thyroid gland. Results The immunohistochemistry results were positive for smooth muscle actin, calponin, collagen IV, and Ki-67 60%. The patient received chemotherapy starting on 17 January 2018, 8 February 2018, and 11 March 2018. The chemotherapy drugs included ifosfamide, epirubicin, and cisplatin. However, the patient subsequently developed multiple organ failure and died in April 2018, approximately 6 months after the initial discovery of the mass in his neck. Conclusions Primary malignant glomus tumors of the thyroid gland are rare, and examination of their pathology and immunohistochemistry is vital for making an accurate final diagnosis. This case also indicates that primary malignant glomus tumors of the thyroid gland may have a poor prognosis, despite chemotherapy.

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“…The GTs can be found in any location, even in visceral organs. There are reported cases of GT affecting breast [ 18 ], thyroid [ 6 , 10 ], heart [ 7 , 19 ], trachea [ 2 , 20 ], lung [ 8 ], mediastinum [ 21 , 22 ], esophagus [ 5 , 23 ], stomach [ 24 , 25 ], liver [ 26 ], small intestine [ 9 ] and colon [ 27 ]. Extra-digital cases may be missed frequently as a result of affecting less common sites and their atypical presentation.…”

“…The lesion is mostly benign, and its excision has a cure rate of around 90 percent [ 4 ]. However, malignant [ 5 – 9 ] and even lethal varieties [ 8 , 10 ] also are described in the literature.…”

An Unusual Case of Chest Wall Glomus Tumor Presenting With Axillary Pain: a Case Report and Literature Review

“…The lesion is mostly benign, and its excision has a cure rate of around 90 percent (4). However, malignant (5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and even lethal varieties (8,10) also are described in the literature.…”