Malignant giant cell tumor in the left upper arm soft tissue of an adolescent: A case report

Abstract

BACKGROUND Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is an extremely rare low-grade soft tissue tumor that is originates in superficial tissue and rarely spreads deeper. GCT-ST has unpredictable behavior. It is mainly benign, but may sometimes become aggressive and potentially increase in size within a short period of time. CASE SUMMARY A 17-year-old man was suspected of having a fracture, based on radiography following left shoulder trauma. One month later, the swelling of the left shoulder continued to increase and the pain was obvious. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a soft tissue mass with strip-like calcifications in the left shoulder. The mass invaded the adjacent humerus and showed an insect-like area of destruction at the edge of the cortical bone of the upper humerus. The marrow cavity of the upper humerus was enlarged, and a soft tissue density was seen in the medullary cavity. Thoracic CT revealed multiple small nodules beneath the pleura of both lungs. A bone scan demonstrated increased activity in the left shoulder joint and proximal humerus. The mass showed mixed moderate hypointensity and hyperintensity on T1-weighted images, and mixed hyperintensity on T2-weighted fat-saturated images. The final diagnosis of GCT-ST was confirmed by pathology. CONCLUSION GCT-STs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors and monitored for large increases in size.

Malignant giant cell tumor of toe

“…[ 9 ] According to recent literature, malignant GCST exhibits a moderate degree of mosaicism on T1-weighted imaging and high-intensity mosaicism on T2-weighted imaging. [ 14 ] In the present case, bone erosion was observed on radiography, but calcification was not noted. However, there were no mosaic findings on MRI.…”

“…However, Hu et al showed that heterogeneous T1- and T2-weighted images of a mediastinal GCST suggested malignancy [9] . According to recent literature, malignant GCST exhibits a moderate degree of mosaicism on T1-weighted imaging and high-intensity mosaicism on T2-weighted imaging [14] . In the present case, bone erosion was observed on radiography, but calcification was not noted.…”

Uterine giant cell tumor of soft tissue: A case report

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, GCT-ST belongs to the intermediate (critical) malignant fibrous histiocytic tumor category. [ 6 , 7 ] Unlike malignant GCT-ST, GCT-ST is characterized by a lack of or little cellular atypia, low to moderate mitotic activity, and no atypical characteristics. [ 6 ] Malignant GCT-ST may have atypia and necrosis.…”

“…[ 6 , 7 ] Unlike malignant GCT-ST, GCT-ST is characterized by a lack of or little cellular atypia, low to moderate mitotic activity, and no atypical characteristics. [ 6 ] Malignant GCT-ST may have atypia and necrosis. In malignant GCT-ST, histological evidence shows that sarcoma-like changes have occurred in cellular and nuclear pleomorphism.…”

Giant Cell Tumor of Soft Tissue—A Rare Cause of Mass in the Liver: A Case Report

“…Metastasis only occurs in extremely rare cases, mainly in the lungs ( 6 ). As tumor-related death appears to be extremely rare, no clinicopathological variables that potentially predict metastasis have been discovered ( 7 ).…”