Malignant Deciduoid Mesothelioma: case presentation of an exceptional variant and review of the literature

Abstract

BackgroundMalignant Deciduoid Mesothelioma (MDM) is an extremely rare variant of epithelioid mesothelioma. It was first described in young females, in the peritoneum, and its relation with asbestos was not well defined.Later reports, have shown that this variant may also occur in the pleura, the pericardium and the tunica vaginalis of elderly people, who had been exposed to asbestos.Case presentationWe report a case of malignant deciduoid mesothelioma that occurred in the peritoneal cavity, and the omentum of a 35-year-old woman. The patient had never been exposed to asbestos.ConclusionsThrough this observation, we describe clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings of deciduoid mesothelioma, and review the literature reports.

Malignant deciduoid mesothelioma: a rare variant of epithelioid mesothelioma

“…Deciduoid features comprise large, polygonal or round cells, arranged in solid nests. The cytoplasms have well-defined cell borders with large prominent nuclei 6–9…”

“…MDM is associated with a very poor prognosis, with approximately 68% of patients dying within the first year of diagnosis 6–9. This information is predominantly based on case series as there have not been enough cases for formal studies to be performed.…”

“…Deciduoid mesothelioma is a rare variant of the epithelioid subtype and was previously thought to occur predominantly in the peritoneum of young women with no asbestos exposure 3 4. However, pleural cases are increasingly being described 5–9…”

Primary Malignant Deciduoid Mesothelioma: A Challenging Diagnosis

“…These include S100, human melanoma black 45, and Melan-A for metastatic melanoma; CD117 and DOG1 for gastrointestinal stromal tumors; and desmin, myogenin, and MYOD1 for rhabdomyosarcoma. 1,9,13,22 CURRENT TREATMENT Treatment of patients with PMDM is the same as treatment of other subtypes of diffuse mesothelioma and is based on cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy. 22,23 Cisplatin and pemetrexed are considered firstline treatment because they have shown significant survival advantage.…”

“…1,9,13,22 CURRENT TREATMENT Treatment of patients with PMDM is the same as treatment of other subtypes of diffuse mesothelioma and is based on cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy. 22,23 Cisplatin and pemetrexed are considered firstline treatment because they have shown significant survival advantage. 24 Extensive debulking surgery with intraoperative chemotherapy is associated with better survival, especially in patients without lymph node metastases.…”