Males with a Standing Profession: Diurnal Volume Changes of the Lower Legs

Krijnen, R. M. A.; Boer, E. M. de; Adèr, H. J.; Bruynzeel, O. P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3095-6_89

“…Several authors have already demonstrated that leg swelling at the end of a working day in people with a standing or sitting profession may be associated with subjective symptoms and that this phenomenon can be reduced by medical compression stockings 2,17,18 . Recently analog results have also been described in passengers after long‐haul flights 11,13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have already demonstrated that leg swelling at the end of a working day in people with a standing or sitting profession may be associated with subjective symptoms and that this phenomenon can be reduced by medical compression stockings. 2,17,18 Recently analog results have also been described in passengers after long-haul flights. 11,13 This is the first study demonstrating that medical compression stockings with a pressure at the ankle level of higher than 10 mmHg may prevent occupational leg swelling at the end of the day completely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compression Stockings Reduce Occupational Leg Swelling

Partsch

¹

,

Winiger²,

Lun³

2004

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“…In a cross-sectional study examining the relationship between prolonged standing and risk of CVI, Krijnen, de Boer, Ad er, and Bruynzeel (1997a) found that 18% were diagnosed with minor CVI and that 11% were diagnosed with major CVI symptoms. In a second paper focusing on the same workers, Krijnen, de Boer, Ad er and Bruynzeel (1997b) showed increases in leg volume with prolonged standing. Excess risk of varicose vein occurrence was reported in Danish workers working mostly in a standing position that were followed for three years after first hospitalization (T€ uchsen, Krause, Hannerz, Burr & Kristensen, 2000).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Problemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evidence of Health Risks Associated with Prolonged Standing at Work and Intervention Effectiveness

Waters

¹

,

Dick

²

2015

Rehabilitation Nursing

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Purpose Prolonged standing at work has been shown to be associated with a number of potentially serious health outcomes, such as lower back and leg pain, cardiovascular problems, fatigue, discomfort, and pregnancy related health outcomes. Recent studies have been conducted examining the relationship between these health outcomes and the amount of time spent standing while on the job. The purpose of this article was to provide a review of the health risks and interventions for workers and employers that are involved in occupations requiring prolonged standing. A brief review of recommendations by governmental and professional organizations for hours of prolonged standing is also included. Findings Based on our review of the literature, there seems to be ample evidence showing that prolonged standing at work leads to adverse health outcomes. Review of the literature also supports the conclusion that certain interventions are effective in reducing the hazards associated with prolonged standing. Suggested interventions include the use of floor mats, sit-stand workstations/chairs, shoes, shoe inserts and hosiery or stockings. Studies could be improved by using more precise definitions of prolonged standing (e.g., duration, movement restrictions, and type of work), better measurement of the health outcomes and more rigorous study protocols. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Use of interventions and following suggested guidelines on hours of standing from governmental and professional organizations should reduce the health risks from prolonged standing.

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“…Primary risk factors are: 1) genetic predisposition [5,6], 2) sex and obesity [7][8][9] and 3) multiple pregnancies [5,7,10]. In addition, secondary risk factors such as the workplace conditions of certain professions (orthostasis or high temperature and humidity) are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of CVD [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%