Male-sterility of thermosensitive genic male-sterile rice is associated with premature programmed cell death of the tapetum

Ku, Su-Jin; Yoon, Hye‐Jin; Suh, Hak-Soo; Chung, Yong-Yoon

doi:10.1007/s00425-003-1030-7

Cited by 163 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…High temperatures at the young microspore stage induce pollen sterility in rice as a result of premature tapetum degeneration and abnormal vacuolation and persistence of the tapetum cells in rice and wheat (Wardlaw et al 1989a(Wardlaw et al , 1989bEndo et al 2009). This is similar to what was observed for drought conditions (Saini et al 1984;Dorion et al 1996;Lalonde et al 1997;Ku et al 2003). The young microspore stage of pollen development is also very sensitive to heat stress in Arabidopsis (Kim et al 2001).…”

Section: Heat Stresssupporting

confidence: 87%

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Powell

Ravash

et al. 2012

Functional Plant Biol.

127

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Abstract. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) forecasts a 34% increase in the world population by 2050. As a consequence, the productivity of important staple crops such as cereals needs to be boosted by an estimated 43%. This growth in cereal productivity will need to occur in a world with a changing climate, where more frequent weather extremes will impact on grain productivity. Improving cereal productivity will, therefore, not only be a matter of increasing yield potential of current germplasm, but also of improving yield stability through enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses. Successful reproductive development in cereals is essential for grain productivity and environmental constraints (drought, cold, frost, heat and waterlogging) that are associated with climate change are likely to have severe effects on yield stability of cereal crops. Currently, genetic gains conferring improved abiotic stress tolerance in cereals is hampered by the lack of reliable screening methods, availability of suitable germplasm and poor knowledge about the physiological and molecular underpinnings of abiotic stress tolerance traits.

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Section: Heat Stresssupporting

confidence: 87%

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Powell

Ravash

et al. 2012

Functional Plant Biol.

127

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“…Programmed cell death (PCD) is a very active process occurring during anther maturation (Ku et al, 2003) and requires tight genetic regulation. ZmMADS2 might represent an example of a regulator protein associated with PCD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MADS Box Transcription Factor ZmMADS2 Is Required for Anther and Pollen Maturation in Maize and Accumulates in Apoptotic Bodies during Anther Dehiscence

2004

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The maize (Zea mays) late pollen gene ZmMADS2 belongs to the MIKC type of MADS box transcription factor genes. Here, we report that ZmMADS2, which forms a homodimer in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), is required for anther dehiscence and pollen maturation. Development of anthers and pollen was arrested at 1 d before dehiscence in transgenic plants expressing the ZmMADS2-cDNA in antisense orientation. Temporal and spatial expression analyses showed high amounts of ZmMADS2 transcripts in endothecium and connective tissues of the anther at 1 d before dehiscence and in mature pollen after dehiscence. Transient transformation of maize and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) pollen with the luciferase reporter gene under the control of different ZmMADS2 promoter deletion constructs demonstrated the functionality and tissue specificity of the promoter. Transgenic maize plants expressing a ZmMADS2-green fluorescent protein fusion protein under control of the ZmMADS2 promoter were used to monitor protein localization during anther maturation and pollen tube growth. High amounts of the fusion protein accumulate in degenerating nuclei of endothecial and connective cells of the anther. A possible function of ZmMADS2 during anther dehiscence and pollen maturation and during pollen tube growth is discussed.In higher plants, development of the haploid male gametophyte (pollen) is closely related to maturation of the surrounding sporophytic tissues of the anther. In angiosperms, anther tissues arise from three "germ" layers, designated L1 to L3 (Satina and Blakeslee, 1941). In maize (Zea mays), tapetal initials and pollen mother cells are generated by the division of a diploid sporophytic cell. The tapetal initial cells give rise to the outer, middle, and inner (tapetal) layers of the sporangium wall (Kiesselbach, 1999). The sporogenous cells (pollen mother cells) undergo meiosis, giving rise to a tetrad of haploid cells, which are released as free microspores (McCormick, 1993). During microgametogenesis, microspores develop into mature pollen by two mitotic divisions. The first mitotic division results in a vegetative and a generative cell. The latter divides either in the pollen grain or the pollen tube to generate the two haploid sperm cells. In maize, the generative cell within the young pollen divides before maturation of the anther is completed to generate a tricellular mature pollen grain (Bedinger, 1992).During gametogenesis, the innermost cell layer of the anther, the tapetum, plays a crucial role for the release and nutrition of the microspores. Microspores are supplied with nutrients from the tapetum; therefore, mutations affecting tapetal development lead to abortion of microgametogenesis and male sterility (Cheng et al., 1979; Chaudhury, 1993;Okada et al., 1999;Wilson et al., 2001;Kapoor et al., 2002). Tapetal cells secrete callase to release the meiotic tetrad from an enclosing callose wall. The exact timing and proper function of callase has been shown to be essential for pollen development. Precursors for the biosynth...

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“…It was suggested that OsGEN-L plays important role in DNA metabolism required for early microspore development in rice. In a study by Ku et al (2003) TGMS is associated with premature programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum. The sterility is caused by the PCD in the early stages of the pollen development which causes failure to develop new pollen.…”

Section: Male Sterility In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineering of Male Sterility in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Tien¹,

Oo²,

Soh³

et al. 2013

Plant Breed. Biotech.

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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Male sterility is an important trait for crop breeding program based on heterosis. Recent advances in molecular researches have led to the identification of genes involved in plant reproductive development and understanding the molecular functions of rice male gametophyte including roles of phytohormones in reproduction process. Here, we review the genes required for key aspects of anther/pollen development and conventional methods for the production of hybrid seeds in rice. Finally, we discuss the molecular approaches for the generation of male-sterile lines through the regulation of phytohormonal biosynthesis in reproductive organs.

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Male-sterility of thermosensitive genic male-sterile rice is associated with premature programmed cell death of the tapetum

Cited by 163 publications

References 21 publications

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

Yield stability for cereals in a changing climate

The MADS Box Transcription Factor ZmMADS2 Is Required for Anther and Pollen Maturation in Maize and Accumulates in Apoptotic Bodies during Anther Dehiscence

Bioengineering of Male Sterility in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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