Male Representation in Randomized Clinical Trials of Mindfulness-Based Therapies

Bodenlos, Jamie S.; Strang, Katherine; Gray-Bauer, Rosalind; Faherty, Amanda N.; Ashdown, Brien K.

doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0646-1

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Furthermore, it must be acknowledged that the current study involved an all-female sample, and therefore it is unknown to what extent the aforementioned considerations generalize to males. Given the recent proliferation of studies highlighting gender differences in mindfulness research [77][78][79]149 , including the very pertinent finding that males are underrepresented in mindfulness studies 150 , we strongly encourage future replication efforts with a large balanced sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrophysiological investigation on the emotion regulatory mechanisms of brief open monitoring meditation in novice non-meditators

Lin

Gloe

Louis

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Despite a growing literature supporting the salutary effects of mindfulness meditation on emotion regulation, the underlying mechanisms linking neural and subjective changes occurring during the actual practice of meditation with emotion regulatory effects observed after meditation remains virtually unexplored. the current study sought to address this gap in knowledge by testing the hypothesis that adoption of internally-directed focused attention, indexed by increased alpha and theta spectral power, during brief open monitoring (oM) mindfulness meditation predicts reduced emotional reactivity, as measured by the late positive potential (Lpp). Results revealed that the OM meditation did not produce demonstrable differences in alpha and theta power but did increase self-reported sleepiness relative to controls. follow-up analyses showed that sleepiness uniquely moderated the effect of meditation on the LPP, such that less sleepiness during meditation, but not the control audio, corresponded to smaller Lpps to negative images. change in theta, but not alpha power, between meditation and rest was positively correlated with the Lpp even after controlling for sleepiness. Although the primary hypothesis was unsupported, the findings demonstrate that phenomenological and neural changes occurring during oM meditation may modulate its subsequent "off-the-cushion" effects on emotional reactivity. Originating from a 2,500-year old Buddhist contemplative tradition, mindfulness has received increased interest from people around the world. Although definitions of mindfulness vary across time and context 1 , one of the most cited contemporary definitions of mindfulness refers to the adoption of a nonelaborative, nonjudgmental awareness to present-moment experience 2,3. Driving its rising popularity, a rapidly growing body of research has shown that adoption and training of mindfulness, and possessing higher dispositional levels of mindfulness, are related to a wide array of benefits 2-5. A frequently cited benefit of mindfulness involves its salutary effects on emotion regulation 6,7 , a core selfregulatory ability involving modulation of the generation, experience, and expression of emotion 8. Despite lay and scientific consensus that mindfulness promotes healthy emotion regulation, little is known about how mindfulness confers its emotion regulatory effects. Research into this question is complicated by three factors. First, emotion regulation is conceptualized as a complex dynamic process that unfolds over time 9,10. Consequently, mechanistic investigations of mindfulness-based emotion regulation may strongly benefit from employing methodologies with temporal sensitivity. Second, mindfulness is a multi-faceted construct differentiable as a state, trait, and mind-body training modality 11,12. Moreover, mindfulness as mind-body training is itself highly varied, ranging from traditional sitting meditations to a panoply of didactic exercises and integrative interventions 13,14. This construct heterogeneity complicates operationa...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrophysiological investigation on the emotion regulatory mechanisms of brief open monitoring meditation in novice non-meditators

Lin

Gloe

Louis

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Men are underrepresented in mindfulness research, making up less than 29% of mindfulness study participants; furthermore, very few studies have examined possible gender differences in the effects of mindfulness training. 50 In one study of university students (n=77; 41 male) who participated in a 12-week MBI, female participants reported greater improvement in negative affect, which was mediated via increased mindfulness (specifically, the non-reactivity, non-judgment, and observing facets) and self-compassion. In contrast, male participants did not demonstrate improved negative affect, but did show growth in mindfulness and self-compassion measures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Diversity in Mindfulness Research on Health: A Narrative Review using the ADDRESSING Framework

Chin

Anyanso

Greeson

2019

CRMJ

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INTRODUCTIONOver the past 5 years, the number of Americans practicing meditation has more than tripled, rising from 4% of adults in 2010 to 14% in 2017. 1 This rise is likely related to the increasing focus on preventive and integrative approaches to healthcare in the United States, such as meditation, whih is often used to reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and pain in conjunction with improving health and well-being. 2 While many different meditative practices exist, mindfulness meditation emphasizes nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment. Although substantial research supports mindfulness-related improvements in patient-reported mental and physical health, 3 the replication crisis in social science and medicine, alongside numerous methodological concerns about extant mindfulness studies, 4 invites questions regarding the generalizability of research on the reported health-promoting effects of mindfulness meditation and mindfulness as an innate, dispositional quality (trait mindfulness). Moreover, as much of mindfulness research over-samples middle-to-upper class, Caucasian, women, 5 the extent to which results generalize to a broader, more diverse population is unclear. One possible reason for this overrepresentation could be that this population has the time and/or finances to participate in mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) from which researchers draw samples. In 2001, Dr. Pamela Hays published Addressing Cultural Complexities in Practice, 6 introducing the ADDRESSING framework as a guide to help clinicians better identify and understand the relevant cultural identities of their clients. According to Dr. Hays, the facets of identity include: Age, Developmental and 10 Chin et al.: Addressing Diversity in Mindfulness Research on Health Published by Rowan Digital Works, 2019acquired Disabilities, Religion, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic status, Sexual orientation, Indigenous heritage, National origin, and Gender. This framework allows room for intersectionality between identity facets and does not inherently exclude non-minority individuals. As such, the ADDRESSING framework, with its attention to multiple aspects of identity, provides an effective structure for organizing research published on different populations and identifying 1) which populations are represented and underrepresented in various categories and 2) what is known about underrepresented groups in research. The main purpose of this review, therefore, was to use the ADDRESSING framework to highlight mindfulness research conducted on historically underrepresented groups as both a method to summarize what has been done and to point out gaps for future research. METHODS Wesearched MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science through September 2018 using the following combination of keywords: (diverse OR age OR disability OR race OR ethnicity OR Black OR White OR Latino OR Hispanic OR Asian OR gender OR transgender OR sexual orientation OR lesbian OR gay ORLGBT or LGB OR homosexual OR bisexual OR asexual OR socio-economic status OR SES OR low-income...

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“…Findings from this review were informed mainly by female participants (75%), which was slightly higher than those in in-person MBI studies where the average number of female participants was 71% [ 58 ]. Previous research showed that Web-based health-seeking behavior was reported to differ by gender, where women were more inclined to seek emotional and social support and affirmation of their health-related beliefs and men were interested mainly in health-related information [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Characteristics and Dissemination Indicators to Optimize Delivery of Internet-Supported Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People With a Chronic Condition: Systematic Review

Russell¹,

Ugalde²,

Milne³

et al. 2018

JMIR Ment Health

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BackgroundInternet-supported mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being used to support people with a chronic condition. Characteristics of MBIs vary greatly in their mode of delivery, communication patterns, level of facilitator involvement, intervention period, and resource intensity, making it difficult to compare how individual digital features may optimize intervention adherence and outcomes.ObjectiveThe aims of this review were to (1) provide a description of digital characteristics of internet-supported MBIs and examine how these relate to evidence for efficacy and adherence to the intervention and (2) gain insights into the type of information available to inform translation of internet-supported MBIs to applied settings.MethodsMEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies assessing an MBI delivered or accessed via the internet and engaging participants in daily mindfulness-based activities such as mindfulness meditations and informal mindfulness practices. Only studies using a comparison group of alternative interventions (active compactor), usual care, or wait-list were included. Given the broad definition of chronic conditions, specific conditions were not included in the original search to maximize results. The search resulted in 958 articles, from which 11 articles describing 10 interventions met the inclusion criteria.ResultsInternet-supported MBIs were more effective than usual care or wait-list groups, and self-guided interventions were as effective as facilitator-guided interventions. Findings were informed mainly by female participants. Adherence to interventions was inconsistently defined and prevented robust comparison between studies. Reporting of factors associated with intervention dissemination, such as population representativeness, program adoption and maintenance, and costs, was rare.ConclusionsMore comprehensive descriptions of digital characteristics need to be reported to further our understanding of features that may influence engagement and behavior change and to improve the reproducibility of MBIs. Gender differences in determinants and patterns of health behavior should be taken into account at the intervention design stage to accommodate male and female preferences. Future research could compare MBIs with established evidence-based therapies to identify the population groups that would benefit most from internet-supported programs.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42017078665; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=78665 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71ountJpu)

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Male Representation in Randomized Clinical Trials of Mindfulness-Based Therapies

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

An electrophysiological investigation on the emotion regulatory mechanisms of brief open monitoring meditation in novice non-meditators

An electrophysiological investigation on the emotion regulatory mechanisms of brief open monitoring meditation in novice non-meditators

Addressing Diversity in Mindfulness Research on Health: A Narrative Review using the ADDRESSING Framework

Digital Characteristics and Dissemination Indicators to Optimize Delivery of Internet-Supported Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People With a Chronic Condition: Systematic Review

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