Male Rape Myths

Chapleau, Kristine M.; Oswald, Debra L.; Russell, Brenda L.

doi:10.1177/0886260507313529

Cited by 176 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Groth and Burgess (1980) and Chapleau et al (2008) support this finding, arguing that men are always expected to protect themselves if/when threatened with rape. Chapleau et al go on to argue that '[people] will judge male rape victims harshly for not being "man enough" to escape a sexual assault and, if assaulted, expect male victims to quickly reclaim their manhood and deny that the assault was traumatic ' (p. 604-605).…”

Section: "'Real' Men Can Defend Themselves"mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…They are represented and expected to act as strong, powerful, tough, dominant, and in control. These quotes strongly suggest that male rape questions the ability of these men to practice hegemonic configurations of masculinity and thereby challenges their sense of self as what it means to be a 'man' and other research supports this finding (seeGroth and Burgess 1980; Gregory and Lees 1999;Chapleau et al 2008). That state and voluntary agencies believe that men are not expected to be rape victims could potentially generate insensitive treatment, responses, and attitudes for deviating from gender norms and expectations.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Because male rape myths, such as 6.10 6.11 6.12 these, dominate the state and third sectors, male rape victims are actively unacknowledged, invisibilised, alienated and marginalised (Turchik and Edwards 2012). Holding onto these male rape myths, which may induce victim-blaming attitudes (Walker et al 2005;Chapleau et al 2008;Rumney 2009) or homophobia (Kassing et al 2005), ignores that many male rape victims are unable to fight off their offender(s) at the time of their rape because of fear, intimidation, and control. For instance, in Gregory and Lees' (1999: 116) research, while finding that "male complainants were particularly anxious if they had not resisted, which they feared would lead people to assume they had colluded", they also found that many male rape victims cannot fight off their attacker(s) because " [t]he threat of violence [is] usually sufficient to gain compliance" (ibid.…”

Section: "'Real' Men Can Defend Themselves"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Javaid

2017

Sociological Research Online

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This paper adopts the theoretical framework of hegemonic masculinity to elucidate and make sense of male sexual victimisation. Critically evaluating the empirical data, which comprises of police officers and practitioners in voluntary agencies (N = 70), that this paper offers, I argue that gender expectations, hegemonic masculinities and sexism prevail in societies, state and voluntary agencies. It has been found that, because male rape victims embody subordinate masculinities, they are marginalised as 'abnormal' and 'deviant'. They are, in other words, classified as the 'other' for challenging and contradicting hegemonic masculinity, disrupting the gender order of men. Consequently, male sexual victimisation is not taken seriously in services, policy and practice, whilst the victims of this crime type are relegated in the gender hierarchy. As a result, male rape victims suffer a 'masculinity crisis' in the context of male rape. This paper attempts to open up a dialogue regarding male rape and male sexual assault, to challenge hegemonic masculinity, and to bring male rape 'out of the closet'.

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Section: "'Real' Men Can Defend Themselves"mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: "'Real' Men Can Defend Themselves"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Javaid

2017

Sociological Research Online

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“…Future research is required amongst more diverse and larger samples, so as to estimate the frequency of male rape myths and consider dissimilarities amongst different types of groups, as this will allow researchers to discover male rape myth perpetuation across time if the same measures of assessment are used. Though a small number of self-report measures of male rape myths have been formulated, these measures were not utilised extensively across populations and may benefit from additional psychometric examination (Chapleau et al, 2008).…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Rape Myths: Understanding and Explaining Social Attitudes Surrounding Male Rape

Javaid¹

2015

mcs

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<p>This paper provides a critical review of the literature surrounding male rape, aimed at exploring how male rape myths shape society’s responses and attitudes to male victims of rape and integrates the literature from a theory driven perspective. In doing so, this theoretical paper reveals information relating to the barriers to recognition of male rape. These barriers are male rape myths that prevent male rape victims from coming forward and seeking the support that they merit. There has been a lack of research on male rape myths, although some research has documented such myths to be present in practice. These myths could be harmful because they may influence societies’ opinions of male rape victims, so this could affect the treatment and responses toward such victims. To understand and explain such myths so some attempt can be made at eradicating them, this paper will explore common male rape myths that seem to be prevalent in Western society. This paper will examine male rape myths in the areas of media, incarcerated settings, and the wider community, focusing on England and Wales, UK. This is important to do to recognise which myths are harmful and are facilitating the under-reporting of male rape. This paper will help raise awareness of male rape myths and not only attempt to tackle them, but also encourage male rape victims to come forward to report and seek the help that they merit. It will also address the gaps in the literature and areas ripe for research, so further empirical research can be conducted on male rape, highlighting ideas for future research and providing guidance in areas most needed in research on male rape. </p>

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“…For example, national studies found 1 in 71 adult men reported being raped, predominantly by men (93.3%); however 22% of men experienced other forms of sexual victimization perpetrated by females, including being made to penetrate, coerced sexual intercourse, and unwanted sexual contact (Black et al, 2011). These rates are likely underestimates given the stigma of sexual victimization among males, fearing revenge, being perceived as gay, the desire to be selfreliant, and the loss of independence after disclosure (Chapleau, Oswald, & Russell, 2008;Finkelhor, 1984;Holmes & Slap, 1998;Struckman-Johnson, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual coercion context and psychosocial correlates among diverse males.

French¹,

Tilghman²,

Malebranche³

2015

Psychology of Men & Masculinity

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Sexual coercion is a pervasive problem but rarely examined in men. This study examined sexual coercion and psychosocial correlates among 284 diverse adolescent and emerging adult males in high school and college. Over 4 in 10 participants (43%) experienced sexual coercion: more specifically, the participants reported: verbal coercion (31%, n ϭ 86), seduction coercion (26%, n ϭ 73), physical coercion (18% n ϭ 52), and substance coercion (7%, n ϭ 19). Rates were comparable across high school and college students. Racial differences were found such that Asian participants reported significantly lower rates of sexual coercion than Black, White, and Latino participants. Ninety-five percent of the respondents reported women as the perpetrators; participants also described internal obligation, seductive, and peer pressure tactics in descriptions of coercion experiences. Sexual coercion tactic (i.e., verbal, substance, seduction, physical) and resulting sexual activity (i.e., fondling/attempted intercourse, completed intercourse) were associated with psychosocial outcomes. Specifically, sexual coercion that resulted in sexual intercourse was associated with greater sexual risk-taking and alcohol use. Verbal and substance coercion were associated with psychological distress, and substance coercion was also associated with sexual risk-taking. Considerations for future research and practice implications are discussed.

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Male Rape Myths

Cited by 176 publications

References 28 publications

The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

The Unknown Victims: Hegemonic Masculinity, Masculinities, and Male Sexual Victimisation

Male Rape Myths: Understanding and Explaining Social Attitudes Surrounding Male Rape

Sexual coercion context and psychosocial correlates among diverse males.

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