Male phenotype predicts extra-pair paternity in pied flycatchers

Cañal, David; Potti, Jaime; Dávila, José A.

doi:10.1163/000579511x573917

Cited by 41 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Phenotypic traits that affect mate guarding ability or mate fidelity might also modify the relationship between breeding synchrony and rates of EPP (Canal et al ), but we found no evidence for this hypothesis with respect to either male age or body size. However, older white males lost more paternity, potentially reflecting senescent declines in mate‐guarding efficiency, sexual displays or sperm quality (Møller et al , Preston et al , Noguera et al ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Breeding synchrony and extrapair paternity in a species with alternative reproductive strategies

Grunst

Gonser

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Biology

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Breeding synchrony may affect the tradeoff between pursuing multiple mates and avoiding paternity loss, translating into differences in the rate of extrapair paternity (EPP). However, diverse empirical relationships between breeding synchrony and EPP remain challenging to explain. We examined whether the relationship between breeding synchrony and EPP varied with male morph, age, body size, or breeding density in the white‐throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis. In this species, males of two genetically determined morphs pursue alternative mating strategies. Breeding synchrony positively correlated with EPP within polygamous white morph males, which have high rates of EPP and cuckoldry, but was unrelated to EPP within tan morph males, which prioritize mate guarding and paternal care. As previously reported, males that gained EPP were primarily white males. Males gained EPP more often than expected by chance during their mate's fertile period and on neighboring territories. Since extrapair copulation appears primarily male‐driven in this species, these results indicate that white males focus extra‐pair mating effort during periods of high synchrony and during their mates’ fertile periods, even at the expense of paternity loss within their own nests. Breeding density, male age, and male size did not modify the relationship between breeding synchrony and EPP. However, older white males had higher cuckoldry rates, perhaps reflecting declines in performance associated with senescence. Results suggest that, even within species, mating strategy may modify how breeding synchrony affects rates of EPP, with positive relationships manifest only within subsets of individuals that pursue a strategy of polygyny at the expense of paternity loss.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Breeding synchrony and extrapair paternity in a species with alternative reproductive strategies

Grunst

Gonser

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Biology

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“…A very interesting outcome of the inclusion of bachelor birds in the analysis is the fact that they seem to be able to achieve some paternity. Some studies report that the identity of a few extra‐pair fathers remained unknown, even when a high proportion of the breeding birds are identified (Canal et al ). These missing individuals could either be birds breeding outside of the study area or even floaters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPP has been shown to be affected by many factors, including secondary sex features (Møller et al , Lehtonen et al , Canal et al ), body size (Canal et al ), age (Moreno et al , Canal et al ), polygyny (Lubjuhn et al ), and timing of breeding (Canal et al , b). However, to date, the number of studies that have investigated how male arrival date associates with paternity (gain or loss) is small (Table ).…”

Section: Review Of Studies That Correlated Arrival Dates With Paternimentioning

confidence: 99%

Early arrival is not associated with more extra‐pair fertilizations in a long‐distance migratory bird

Tomotani

Caglar

Hera

et al. 2017

Journal of Avian Biology

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When assessing the benefits of early arrival date of migratory birds, a hidden and often ignored component of males' fitness is the higher chance of early-arriving birds to obtain extra-pair fertilizations. Here we investigated how extra-pair paternity might affect the relationship between male arrival date and number of fertilizations in a model study system, the European pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. For this purpose, we sampled and genotyped breeding pairs, unpaired males and offspring (including embryos from unhatched eggs when possible) of a Dutch pied flycatcher population. Detailed information on arrival date of males, egg laying date of their social mates and nest success was also recorded. Earlyarriving males had early-laying females and males with early-laying females had a higher probability of siring extra-pair eggs and obtain more fertilizations. However, male arrival date alone did not correlate with the probability to gain extra-pair paternity and neither to the amount of fertilized eggs. Both early-and late-arriving males had a higher probability of losing paternity in their own nest compared to birds with an intermediate arrival date. Finally, late-arriving males were more likely to remain unpaired but, interestingly, a few of these birds obtained paternity via extra-pair copulations. Because earlier arrival date did not lead to more extra-pair fertilizations and because such relationship seems to be driven mainly by the female's laying date, we conclude that the contribution of extra-pair paternity to the overall fitness benefits of early male arrival date is relatively small.

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“…In addition, as in the congeneric collared flycatcher ( Ficedula albicollis ; Gustafsson et al ., ; Qvarnström et al ., ; de Heij et al ., ), there is positive directional sexual selection in at least some Iberian populations of pied flycatchers on forehead patch size in males. Males with large forehead patches mate more quickly (Potti & Montalvo, ) and sire more extra‐pair offspring than males with smaller patches (Canal et al ., ). Although the magnitude of the cross‐sex genetic correlation in trait expression is unknown (all males express the trait, hence there is no variance in male trait expression), once expressed in females there is a strong positive genetic correlation between the sexes in trait size (Potti & Canal, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lifetime fitness and age‐related female ornament signalling: evidence for survival and fecundity selection in the pied flycatcher

Potti

Cañal

Serrano

2013

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Ornaments displayed by females have often been denied evolutionary interest due to their frequently reduced expression relative to males, habitually attributed to a genetic correlation between the sexes. We estimated annual and lifetime reproductive success of female pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) and applied capture-mark-recapture models to analyse annual survival rates in relation to the patterns of expression (absence/presence) of an ornament displayed by all males and a fraction of females. Overall, the likelihood of expressing the ornament increased nonlinearly with female age and was due to within-individual variation, not to the selective appearance or disappearance of ornament-related expression of phenotypes in the population. Accordingly, expressing the forehead patch in a given year did not influence survival probability. However, those females expressing the ornament at early ages (1-2 years old) enjoyed survival advantages throughout lifetime. Although ornamented females had higher lifetime fecundity and fledging success, their yearly reproductive performance, in terms of fledging productivity, decreased as they aged so that, late in life, ornamented females reared fewer offspring than nonexpressing females of the same age. In addition, both strategies (expressing vs. not expressing the trait) returned similar fitness payoffs in terms of recruited offspring. Our results support the hypothesis that fecundity and survival selection are involved in the displaying of this 'male' ornament by females.

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Male phenotype predicts extra-pair paternity in pied flycatchers

Cited by 41 publications

References 108 publications

Breeding synchrony and extrapair paternity in a species with alternative reproductive strategies

Breeding synchrony and extrapair paternity in a species with alternative reproductive strategies

Early arrival is not associated with more extra‐pair fertilizations in a long‐distance migratory bird

Lifetime fitness and age‐related female ornament signalling: evidence for survival and fecundity selection in the pied flycatcher

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