Male-Male Interactions and Chorusing Intensities of the Great Plains Toad, Bufo cognatus

Brown, Lauren E.; Pierce, Jack R.

doi:10.2307/1442188

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Satellite males have been reported in other frogs, including R. catesbeiana, Hyla versicolor, Hyla crucifer, Hyla chrysocelis, Hyla cinerea, and several Bufo (Brown and Pierce 1967;Emlen 1968; Pierce and Ralin 1972; Garton and Brandon 1975;Fellers 1975;Wells 1977a). In R. catesbeiana, satellites do occasionally intercept females and mate with them (R. D. Howard, personal communication), but this has not been observed in other species.…”

Section: The Function Of Satellite Behaviormentioning

confidence: 93%

Territoriality and Male Mating Success in the Green Frog (Rana Clamitans)

Wells¹

1977

Ecology

217

105

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Territorial behavior of Rana clamitans was studied in an enclosed experimental pond. Males maintained territories from June through August. Most o o occupied more than one site during the breeding season. Most sites were occupied for < I wk before changing ownership, but some were occupied by a single o for up to 7 wk. Large o o remained at individual sites longer and spent more total time in territories than small o o. The smallest o o usually acquired territories only after other o o had abandoned them, while larger o o sometimes ousted residents with aggressive behavior. Males sometimes adopted a satellite role in the territories of other o o and waited for sites to becomeavailable. Individual territory sites were ranked by relative quality based on the physical structure of the sites. Female choice of mates appeared to be related to territory quality, and especially to density of vegetation in the water. Males that spent the most time in high quality territories acquired the largest number of mates. The social system of the green frog probably evolved as a result of intense o-o competition for mates. This in turn is probably related to its prolonged summer breeding season.

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Section: The Function Of Satellite Behaviormentioning

confidence: 93%

Territoriality and Male Mating Success in the Green Frog (Rana Clamitans)

Wells¹

1977

Ecology

217

105

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“…A predominance of males at breeding sites is a common finding in anurans, and has been demonstrated in other Bufo species (Blair, 1960;Oldham, 1966;Brown & Pierce, 1967;Kelleher & Tester, 1969;Christein & Taylor, 1978;Gittins, Parker & Slater, 1980). It cannot be taken to indicate that the inequality is characteristic of the population as a whole, because, in general, males spend more time at breeding sites than females.…”

Section: Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Sex is known to be environmentally determined in many vertebrate species (Bull, 1983). The possibility of environmental sex determination has not been investigated in the genus Bufo, but it is known that sex can easily be reversed in various BuJa species, either hormonally or by testectomy, that sex is often indeterminate in young individuals, and that sex ratios can be affected in the laboratory by the temperature and chemical composition of the water in which embryos and larvae develop, or by their delayed maturation or dessication (Foote, 1964).…”

Section: Sex Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological genetics of introduced populations of the giant toad, Bufo marinus (Amphibia: Anura): dispersal and neighbourhood size

Easteal¹,

Floyd²

1986

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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The pattern of colonization of the Moreton Bay region in southeast Queensland, Australia, by the giant toad, BuJo marinus, is described. Estimates are made of the rates of colonization in this and other regions. The mean values obtained range from 2.5 kmlyear in the south to 15.1 km/year in the north. The analysis suggests that colonization has been discontinuous in many areas, probably as a result of occasional, long-distance transportation of toads by humans. The variation in colonization rate is related in a predictable way to variation in environmental factors such as temperature and topography. In areas where discontinuities are least likely, colonization rates are used to estimate rates of continuous dispersal. These are combined with estimates of population density, sex ratios and offspring number variance to obtain estimates of genetic neighbourhood size. Thesc are much greater than estimates of the effective size of B . marinus populations determined from gene frequency variances. The reasons for and implications of this discrepancy are discussed.

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“…For the most part, mate selection rests with the female and may be influenced by variations in the mating call (Doherty and Gerhardt, 1984;Forester and Czarnowsky, 1985). Fellers (1979) observed that some males in choruses of H. crucifer remained silent, a behavior initially observed in breeding aggregations of bufonids (Axtell, 1959;Brown and Pierce, 1967). In congeneric hylids such males part, mate selection rests with the female and may be influenced by variations in the mating call (Doherty and Gerhardt, 1984;Forester and Czarnowsky, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%