Male fertility: modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors (a review)

Галимова, Э. Ф.; Галимов, Ш. Н.

doi:10.17116/repro201521589-95

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…При этом активно подвижные и слабо подвижные относили к фертильной фракции, а «дёргающиеся» и неподвижные -к нефертильной фракции эпидидимальных сперматозоидов. Далее вычисляли индекс фертильности, который представляет собой отношение числа фертильных форм к нефертильным [11]. Для определения жизнеспособности сперматозоидов их подсчёт с учётом подвижности проводился в течение первого часа через каждые 15 минут, а в дальнейшем через каждые 30 мин до полной остановки всех сперматозоидов.…”

Section: материалы и методы исследованияunclassified

The effect of drugs used in the treatment of hemoblastosis on the morphofunctional state of spermatozoa

Abramkin,

Menshikova,

Makarov

2024

Bûlletenʹ fiziologii i patologii dyhaniâ

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Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the high frequency of complications after the use of drugs for treating malignant tumors, which is associated with the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy drugs both on malignancy sites and on healthy tissues, including the cells of male gonads.Aim. To study the impact of drugs intended for the treatment of hemoblastoses on the total sperm count, their mobility, and the presence of pathological forms under experimental conditions.Materials and methods. A case-control study was conducted on 18 male rats aged 90 days. The control group consisted of male rats that did not receive hemoblastosis treatment drugs, and the second group was intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone (hereinafter referred to as CHOP). Mature spermatozoa were obtained from the dissected appendages of the testes, by opening them on a thermal stage. The contents of the rat's seminiferous tubules, in a volume of 0.02 ml, were diluted in 0.4 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, preheated to 37°C. The total, absolute, and relative number of spermatozoa in a unit volume (0.4 ml) of epididymal suspension was counted, taking into account their mobility according to the generally accepted system. Actively mobile and weakly mobile were attributed to the fertile fraction, and "twitching" and immobile - to the infertile fraction of epididymal spermatozoa. Then, the fertility index was calculated, which represents the ratio of the number of fertile forms to infertile ones. To determine the viability of spermatozoa, their count with regard to mobility was conducted within the first hour every 15 minutes, and subsequently every 30 minutes until the complete cessation of all spermatozoa. To assess the pathological forms of spermatozoa, the absolute and percentage content of spermatozoa in a unit volume (0.4 ml) of epididymal suspension with defects in the head, neck, midpiece, and tail was counted under light microscopy.Results. The experimental exposure to CHOP group drugs had the following effects: a decrease in the total number of spermatozoa by 37% was observed in the male rats of the experimental group, accompanied by an increase in the number of their pathological forms by 26% compared to the control group.Conclusion. The increased risk of infertility, caused by the toxic effect of drugs intended for the treatment of hemoblastoses, is associated with a decrease in the total number of spermatozoa and an increase in pathological forms, leading to a reduction in the number of mobile cells.

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Section: материалы и методы исследованияunclassified

The effect of drugs used in the treatment of hemoblastosis on the morphofunctional state of spermatozoa

Abramkin,

Menshikova,

Makarov

2024

Bûlletenʹ fiziologii i patologii dyhaniâ

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“…Важно, что расстройства сперматогенеза является самым частым показанием для приема антиоксидантов. По данным клинических исследований, эмпирическая терапия такого рода приводит к неубедительным или отрицательным результатам [40][41][42]…”

Section: Reviewunclassified

The role of sperm mitochondria in the occurrence and development of male infertility

Литвицкий¹,

Галимов²,

Громенко³

et al. 2022

Zhurnal «Patologicheskaia Fiziologiia I Eksperimental`naia Terapiia»

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Цель обзора - анализ современных данных о роли митохондрий сперматозоидов в возникновении и развитии репродуктивных форм патологии. Митохондрии занимают центральное место в метаболизме сперматозоидов. Это обусловлено их участием в синтезе макроэргических фосфатов и поддержании окислительно-восстановительного потенциала; регуляции скорости их пролиферации, дифференцировки, апоптоза и митофагии; генерации активных форм кислорода; реализации внутриклеточного сигналинга и других процессов, обеспечивающих подвижность жгутиков, капацитацию, акросомальную реакцию, активацию ооцитов и слияние гамет. В большинстве случаев изменения этих функций ассоциированы с субфертильностью и/или бесплодием. Продемонстрирована также тесная связь между митохондриальным геномом, протеомом, метаболомом и оплодотворяющей способностью сперматозоидов. Выявлены ключевые белки митохондрий (АТФ-синтаза, аденилаттранслоказа, аденилаткиназа 1, изоцитратдегидрогеназа 3β, аконитатгидратаза, фумаратгидратаза, пируватдегидрогеназный комплекс, сиртуины, пероксиредоксины и др.), участвующие в репродуктивном процессе. Показана корреляция аберрантной экспрессии генов этих белков с ухудшением качественных и количественных характеристик эякулята. Доказана облигатная роль в метаболизме сперматозоидов таких энергетических субстратов митохондрий как лактат и длинноцепочечные жирные кислоты. Вместе с тем, высокая пластичность митохондрий, сравнительно легко модулирующих свою локализацию, форму и метаболическую активность, затрудняет однозначную интерпретацию имеющегося в настоящее время массива фактических данных об их функциях. Расшифровка молекулярно-генетических механизмов нарушения структуры митохондрий и их дисфункции может стать основой для разработки эффективных методов диагностики и таргетной терапии мужского бесплодия. The aim of this review was to analyze current data on the role of sperm mitochondria in the occurrence and development of reproductive pathologies. Mitochondria play a major role in the sperm metabolism due to their participation in the synthesis of high-energy phosphates; maintenance of redox potential; regulation of the sperm proliferation rate, differentiation, apoptosis, and mitophagy; generation of reactive oxygen species; implementation of intracellular signaling, and other processes that ensure flagella motility, capacitation, acrosomal reaction, oocyte activation, and gamete fusion. In most cases, changes in these functions are associated with subfertility and/or infertility. A close relationship between the mitochondrial genome, proteome, metabolome, and sperm fertility has also been demonstrated. The key mitochondrial proteins (ATP synthase, adenylate translocase, adenylate kinase 1, isocitrate dehydrogenase 3β, aconitate hydratase, fumarate hydratase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, sirtuins, peroxiredoxins, etc.) involved in the reproductive process were identified. Correlations were found between the aberrant gene expression of these proteins and the deterioration of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the ejaculate. The obligate role in sperm metabolism of mitochondrial energy substrates, such as lactate and long-chain fatty acids, has been proved. At the same time, the high plasticity of mitochondria, which relatively easily modulate their localization, shape, and metabolic activity, makes it difficult to interpret unambiguously the currently available body of facts on their functions. Deciphering the molecular genetic mechanisms of mitochondrial structural disorders and dysfunction may become a basis for development of effective diagnostic methods and targeted therapy for male infertility.

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Individual Lifestyle and Male Fertility

Осадчук

2023

Hum Physiol

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Male fertility: modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors (a review)

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

The effect of drugs used in the treatment of hemoblastosis on the morphofunctional state of spermatozoa

The effect of drugs used in the treatment of hemoblastosis on the morphofunctional state of spermatozoa

The role of sperm mitochondria in the occurrence and development of male infertility

Individual Lifestyle and Male Fertility

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