Male circumcision and HIV acquisition and transmission: cohort studies in Rakai, Uganda

Gray, Ronald H.; Kiwanuka, Noah; Quinn, Thomas C.; Sewankambo, Nelson; Serwadda, David; Mangen, Fred Wabwire; Lutalo, Tom; Nalugoda, Fred; Kelly, Robert J.; Meehan, Mary; Chen, Michael Z.; Li, Chuanjun; Wawer, Maria J.

doi:10.1097/00002030-200010200-00019

Cited by 216 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

151

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In another study in the same community researchers reported in 1999 that the HIV incidence rates were significantly lower in Muslims compared to non-Muslims [26]. Researchers in another district called Rakai also reported a lower incidence of HIV infections among Muslims compared to non-Muslims [27]. In the 2004-05 Uganda HIV/AIDS sero-behavioral survey, the HIV prevalence was also lower among Muslims compared to non-Muslims [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-religious Cooperation for HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Study among Muslim and Christian Youth in Wakiso District

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inter-religious cooperation has been recommended to address various issues for the common good. Muslims and Christians in Uganda are working together on HIV prevention in this spirit. A study was done to compare HIV prevalence and HIV-risk behaviors between Muslims and Christians. A total of 2,933 Christian and 1,224 Muslim youth between 15-24 years were interviewed and tested for HIV. The HIV prevalence was significantly lower among Muslims (2%) compared to Christians (4%). Muslims were more likely to be circumcised, avoid drinking alcohol and avoid having first sex before 18 years. These behaviors which may have led to lower HIV infections among Muslims are derived from Islamic teachings. Muslim religious leaders need to continue to emphasize these teachings. Christian religious leaders may need to consider strengthening similar teachings from their faith tradition to reduce new HIV infections among their communities. Muslims and Christians working together as good neighbors, in the spirit of inter-religious cooperation, can generate evidence-based data that may assist them to improve their HIV prevention interventions. By sharing these data each community is likely to benefit from OPEN ACCESSReligions 2011, 2 708 their cooperation by strengthening within each religious tradition those behaviors and practices that appear helpful in reducing new HIV infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-religious Cooperation for HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Study among Muslim and Christian Youth in Wakiso District

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Even though other modes of transmission have taken over in the west, heterosexual transmission to the male may be reduced by lowering foreskin prevalence among men, many of whom will visit countries in which HIV abounds. Moreover, in some, 21,22 but not other, 12 studies the effectiveness of circumcision in AIDS risk reduction was greater when performed prior to puberty or sexual debut.…”

Section: Hiv/aidsmentioning

confidence: 97%

RACP's policy statement on infant male circumcision is ill‐conceived

Morris

Bailis²,

Castellsagué

et al. 2006

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective:To conduct a critical peer‐review of the 2004 Policy Statement on routine male circumcision produced by the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP). Method:Comprehensive evaluation in the context of the research field. Results:We find that the current Statement downplays the wide‐ranging life‐long benefits of circumcision in prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs), penile and cervical cancer, genital herpes and chlamydia in women, HIV infection, phimosis, and various penile dermatoses, and at the same time overstates the complication rate. We highlight the many errors in the RACP Statement and note that it sidesteps making a conclusion based on circumcision's well‐documented prophylactic health benefits by instead referring to the status of the foreskin at birth. In the era of preventative medicine we view this as irresponsible. Conclusion:The RACP's Statement on routine male circumcision is not evidence‐based and should be retracted. Implications:In the interests of public health and individual well‐being an extensive, comprehensive, evidence‐based revision should be conducted so as to provide scientifically accurate, balanced information on the advantages, and also the low rate of mostly minor complications, associated with this simple procedure, which for maximum benefits and minimal risk should ideally be performed in the neonatal period.

show abstract

“…The Rakai study in urban Uganda (Quinn et al 2000;Gray et al 2000) is the only one where a clear pattern is found: but this only in as small a "population" as 50 men. The Rakai researchers themselves do not, however, promote male circumcision in their conclusions (Quinn et al 2000:928), but maintain that the issue is too complicated-for example by social factors-for any recommendations.…”

Section: Scientific Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 1990s the research on male circumcision takes regional and cultural differences in African societies more seriously, and detailed studies within local communities are conducted (Urassa et al 1997;Quinn et al 2000;Gray et al 2000;Oliver et al 2000). The Rakai study in urban Uganda (Quinn et al 2000;Gray et al 2000) is the only one where a clear pattern is found: but this only in as small a "population" as 50 men.…”

Section: Scientific Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking sexualities in Africa

Arnfred¹

2005

Choice Reviews Online

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Male circumcision and HIV acquisition and transmission: cohort studies in Rakai, Uganda

Cited by 216 publications

References 15 publications

Inter-religious Cooperation for HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Study among Muslim and Christian Youth in Wakiso District

Inter-religious Cooperation for HIV Prevention in Uganda: A Study among Muslim and Christian Youth in Wakiso District

RACP's policy statement on infant male circumcision is ill‐conceived

Rethinking sexualities in Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About