Male breast cancer

Gómez-Raposo, César; Tévar, Francisco Zambrana; Moyano, M. Sereno; Gómez, Miriam López; Casado, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.02.002

Cited by 143 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Older age at diagnosis is associated with higher frequency of comorbidities, which likely explains the overall poorer survival among men. In the studies in which the groups of males and females were similar according to age and disease stage there was no difference in the overall survival rates (Giordano et al, 2004;Gomes-Raposo et al, 2010). Giordano et al (2004) showed that five year rate of overall survival for breast cancer in men was 78% in T1 stage, 67% in T2 stage, 40% in T3 stage and 19% in T4 stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also no guidelines recommend screening mammography at any age for men because this disease is very rare. Relative risk of a second breast cancer appearance in a treated man is 30 times higher than in women, which shows that health awareness of this disease is necessary, especially in men's population (Auvien et al, 2002;Gomes-Raposo et al, 2010). Also, interventions are needed that effectively and efficiently target the personal motivation of at risk men to seek out and engage in breast cancer prevention, similarly as it is with Asian women (Ahmadian and Abu Samah, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study five year survival of men with breast cancer in relation to stage of the disease is much lower and amounts to 100% for T1 stage of the disease, T2 stage 87%, T3 stage 38%, while for T4 stage 0%. In numerous studies the clinical stage of disease is identified as a significant independent prognostic factor for survival of men with breast cancer (Vaizey et al, 1999), and even as a separate risk factor independent from tumor size or lymph node metastasis (Contractor et al, 2008;Schaub et al, 2008;Gomes-Raposo et al, 2010). In our study, a lower initial disease stage, a lower tumor grade, application of adjuvant hormone therapy and no relaps occurrence were independent predictors of a favorable outcome of breast cancer in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Male Breast Cancer in Serbia

Šipetić-Grujičić

Murtezani²,

Z³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of male breast cancer patients in Serbia, and furthermore to determine overall survival and predictive factors for prognosis. Materials and Methods: In the period of 1996-2006 histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer was made in 84 males at the Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia. For statistical analyses the Kaplan-Meier method, long-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used. Results: The mean age at diagnosis with breast cancer was 64.3±10.5 years with a range from 35-84 years. Nearly 80% of the tumors showed ductal histology. About 44% had early tumor stages (I and II) whereas 46.4% and 9.5% of the male exhibitied stages III and IV, respectively. Only 7.1% of male patients were grade one. One-fifth of all patients had tumors measuring ≤2 cm, and 14.3% larger than 5 cm. Lymph node metastasis was recorded in 40.4% patients and 47% relapse. Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression was positive in 66.7% and 58.3%, respectively. Among 14.3% of individuals tumor was HER2 positive. About two-thirds of all male patients had radical mastectomy (66.7%). Adjuvant hormonal (tamoxifene), systematic chemotherapy (CMF or FAC) and adjuvant radiotherapy were given to 59.5%, 35.7% and 29.8% patients respectively. Overall survival rates at five and ten years for male breast cancer were 55.0% and 43.9%, respectively. According to the multivariate Cox regression predictive model, a lower initial disease stage, a lower tumor grade, application of adjuvant hormone therapy and no relapse occurrence were significant independent predictors for good overall survival. Conclusions: Results of the treatment would be better if disease is discovered earlier and therefore health education and screening are an imperative in solving this problem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Male Breast Cancer in Serbia

Šipetić-Grujičić

Murtezani²,

Z³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Subsequently, adjuvant tamoxifen is recommended for HR positive cases. It should also be kept in mind that adjuvant hormonal therapy may be an alternative to CT in most cases (93).…”

Section: Treatment Of Locally Advanced Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Male Breast Cancer

Yalaza¹,

2016

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IntroductionOver the past two decades, major improvements have been achieved in the understanding of breast cancer, and cure can be offered if the disease is diagnosed at an early stage. However, the disease is more often diagnosed at more advanced stages (3 or 4) in men, in contrast to women. Its rarity among men as well as lack of awareness leads to its detection at later stages. Randomized studies cannot be carried on due to the low incidence of breast cancer in males, with only a few published prospective therapeutic studies in the literature. While the information on male breast cancer (MBC) was obtained from retrospective studies, the recommendations for treatment were derived from studies conducted on female breast cancer (1). This review presents the frequency, etiology, clinical-pathological characteristics and treatment approaches for the rare MBC. Epidemiology-EtiologyMale breast cancer is rare and constitutes 0.5-1% of all patients with breast cancer. The reason of the low incidence rate in men is the relatively low amount of breast tissue along with the difference in their hormonal environment. Even though breast tissue is less in men as compared to women, the factors that influence malignant changes are similar. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) Program reported that the incidence of breast cancer was highest at ages 52-71 during 1973-2000, whereas the peak incidence in males was 71 years (2). In fact, some authors state that MBC imitate the behavioral pattern of post-menopausal female breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer in males and females has increased in the past 25 years. International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR) emphasized this increase and stated that the incidence of female breast cancer increased by 20%, while breast cancer-related deaths increased by 14%. The SEER data also showed that the rate that was 1.1 for 100.000 men in the mid-1970s and raised to 1.44 for 100.000 men by 2010 (3). In USA, 2240 men were diagnosed with breast cancer within the year 2013. The lifetime rate of diagnosis with male breast cancer is 1 in 1000. According to the IACR Turkey data, 0.37% of all cancer types among males are breast cancer (4, 5). IACR has published its new cancer estimates for the year 2012. The most recent cancer estimates for 28 cancer types in 184 countries, which record cancer data, have been made available for users on the GLOBOCAN 2012 website (6).The rate of presentation with advanced stage breast cancer has been decreasing in men. As a matter of fact, a study conducted in 1995 reported the rate of Stage 1-2 disease on diagnosis as 70%, whereas it was reported as 67% in 2010 and 82% in 2015 (7-9). MBC constitutes less than 1% of male cancers and it has a varying rate of incidence across different geographies and ethnic groups (10, 11). Its annual prevalence in Europe is 1 in 10.000 men and these cases constitute less than 1% of all patients with breast cancer (4). However, this rate is above 6% in Central African countries (12). This relatively hig...

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“…This could explain the prevalence of gynecomastia in our study, which was more common in patients less than 20 years old, less common in those from 40 to 59 years old, and increased in those older than 60 years. Male breast cancer, which is a rare disease [23,24], was found in patients of a wide range of ages among this relative small study population. The main limitation of this study is that our patients may not be an entirely true representation of the general male population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective study of gynecomastia in male patients referred to Hatyai Hospital with breast lesions

et al. 2014

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Background: Gynecomastia is a common benign lesion of the male breast and accounts for up to 80% of male patients referred with beast lesions. Objective: To examine the pattern of breast lesions in male patients who underwent breast biopsy. Methods: All male patients referred to Hatyai Hospital with breast complaints were included in the study. Histopathology reports were retrospectively reviewed during 2004-2011. Results: In 77 male patients diagnosed with breast lesions, the most common lesion was gynecomastia (49/77, 64%), followed by fibrocystic changes (7/77, 9%), and breast cancer (6/77, 8%). Gynecomastia was commonly found in male patients less than 40 years of age, while other breast lesions are seen in male patients over 40 years of age (P = 0.036, OR = 2.842, 95%CI = 1.085-7.447). Conclusion: Gynecomastia was the most common diagnosis among breast lesions in male patients referred to the Hatyai Hospital during 2004-2011. Gynecomastia was more common in the patients less than 20 years old.

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Male breast cancer

Cited by 143 publications

References 97 publications

Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Male Breast Cancer in Serbia

Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Male Breast Cancer in Serbia

Male Breast Cancer

A retrospective study of gynecomastia in male patients referred to Hatyai Hospital with breast lesions

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