Male Asian international students’ perceived racial discrimination, masculine identity, and subjective masculinity stress: A moderated mediation model.

Abstract

This study examined male Asian international college students' perceptions of racial discrimination, subjective masculinity stress, centrality of masculine identity, and psychological distress by testing a moderated mediation model. Participants were 160 male Asian international college students from 2 large public universities. Participants' perceived racial discrimination was positively related to their subjective masculinity stress only at high (but not low) levels of masculine identity centrality. Additionally, subjective masculinity stress was positively related to psychological distress, although this association was stronger among those who reported high levels of masculine identity centrality. The authors also detected a moderated mediation effect in which subjective masculinity stress mediated the relationship between perceived racial discrimination and psychological distress only at high (but not low) levels of masculine identity centrality. These findings contribute to the counseling psychology literature by highlighting the connections between race- and gender-related stressors as well as the relevance of masculine identity to an understanding of men's mental health.

Asian International Student and Asian American Student: Mistaken Identity and Racial Microaggressions

“…This misguided belief suggests that the responsibilities for adapting to a host culture is a burden that international students must address alone, often without institutional support (Bevis, 2002). Meanwhile, students from Western and English-speaking countries report minimal to no discrimination (Bordoloi, 2014;Bradley, 2000;Constantine et al, 2005;DiAngelo, 2006;Lee & Rice, 2007;Poyrazli et al, 2001;Yeh & Inose, 2003;Wong et al, 2014). International students of color report experiences of racial bias and discrimination due to distinct phenotypical characteristics, English accents, nationality, international student status, and religion.…”

Men, Chronic Pain, and Prescription Pain Medication Use: The Role of Gender Role Beliefs in a Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Model

“…We further tested some alternative models, a recommended process when using moderated mediation analyses [38,55]. First, using Model 1 [45], domestic gender role beliefs did not significantly moderate the relationship between somatic amplification at time 1 and pain interference a time 2 (B ¼ -0.049, P ¼ 0.354, 95% CI ¼ -0.151 to 0.054).…”

(Re)theorising laddish masculinities in higher education

“…Related to the performances of educational dominance mentioned in the previous section, it is possible to see hostile sexism in the social sphere as a defensive response from men accustomed to topping the ranks. Broader 'widening participation' agendas in higher education may also be pertinent, since extant laddism often incorporates classism and racism as well (Wong et al 2014).…”

“…This principle should be foundational to our theorisation of masculinities, and we should also attempt to develop from two-dimensional into more multi-dimensional applications. In the US, masculinity has largely been studied as it intersects with race (see for example Jenkins 2012, Goff et al 2012, McGuire et al 2014, Romo 2014, Wong et al 2014. In the UK, the second part of the equation has often been social class (see for example Willis 1977, Williams et al 2008, Stahl 2015, although Mills (2014) has identified a 'washing out' of class in recent studies which tend to focus on the cultural rather than the socio-economic.…”

“…For example, the jokiness and self-conscious irony of this form of laddism could be viewed as a counterpoise to the construction of black masculinity as more menacingly sexual (Williams et al 2008), functioning to both invisibilise the violences associated with white privileged men and preserve the idea of black men as inherently more dangerous. In contrast, the 'raunchiness' that laddism incorporates could be examined as it relates to perceptions of Asian men as both fragile and sexually inadequate (Wong et al 2014). In racialised terms, white laddism may be an assertion of superior virility which nevertheless positions itself as less threatening than (and therefore also superior to) the black hyper-masculine Other.…”