Male and female syringeal muscles exhibit superfast shortening velocities in zebra finches
Nicholas W. Gladman,
Coen P. H. Elemans
Abstract:Vocalisations play a key role in the communication behaviour of many vertebrates. Vocal production requires extremely precise motor control, which is executed by superfast vocal muscles that can operate at cycle frequencies over 100 Hz and up to 250 Hz. The mechanical performance of these muscles has been quantified with isometric performance and the workloop technique, but due to methodological limitations we lack a key muscle property characterising muscle performance, the force-velocity (FV) relationship. H… Show more
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