Malay as a mirror of Austronesian: Voice development and voice variation

Donohue, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2007.08.007

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Foley classifies the Tagalog voice system as symmetrical (and the voice systems of other Austronesian languages have also been described as being symmetrical to varying degrees; cf. Cole et al 2008, Donohue 2008, Riesberg 2014b. In these voice systems, '[n]o one NP type is preferred for pivot choice … ; regardless of which choice is made, all are signaled by some overt verbal voice morpheme' (Foley 2008:42).…”

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confidence: 99%

Symmetrical and asymmetrical voice systems and processing load: Pupillometric evidence from sentence production in Tagalog and German

Sauppe¹

2017

Language

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The voice system of Tagalog has been proposed to be symmetrical in the sense that there are no morphologically unmarked voice forms. This stands in contrast to asymmetrical voice systems which exhibit unmarked and marked voices (e.g., active and passive in German). This paper investigates the psycholinguistic processing consequences of the symmetrical and asymmetrical nature of the Tagalog and German voice systems by analyzing changes in cognitive load during sentence production. Tagalog and German native speakers' pupil diameters were recorded while they produced sentences with different voice markings. Growth curve analyses of the shape of task-evoked pupillary responses revealed that processing load changes were similar for different voices in the symmetrical voice system of Tagalog. By contrast, actives and passives in the asymmetrical voice system of German exhibited different patterns of processing load changes during sentence production. This is interpreted as supporting the notion of symmetry in the Tagalog voice system. Mental effort during sentence planning changes in different ways in the two languages because the grammatical architecture of their voice systems is different. Additionally, an anti-Patient bias in sentence production was found in Tagalog: cognitive load increased at the same time and at the same rate but was maintained for a longer time when the patient argument was the subject, as compared to agent subjects. This indicates that while both voices in Tagalog afford similar planning operations, linking patients to the subject function is more effortful. This anti-Patient bias in production adds converging evidence to “subject preferences” reported in the sentence comprehension literature

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confidence: 99%

Symmetrical and asymmetrical voice systems and processing load: Pupillometric evidence from sentence production in Tagalog and German

Sauppe¹

2017

Language

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“…Dikemukakan bahwa prefiks tersebut selain menandai fokus agen, lokatif, dan referensial, juga digunakan untuk menandai fokus unsur kalimat tertentu yang secara gramatikal berperilaku seperti agen dan digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan peristiwa yang bersifat spontan dan antikausatif. Donohue (2008) membicarakan beragam sistem voice dalam berbagai varian bahasa Malaysia dan Indonesia dan berkesimpulan bahwa sistem voice dalam berbagai varian bahasa ini dapat dipandang sebagai cermin perkembangan sistem voice dalam bahasa-bahasa Austronesia. Arka dan Ross (2005) membuat generalisasi dengan menyusun tipologi bahasa Austronesia berdasarkan sistem voice.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Fokus Benefaktif Dan Instrumental Dalam Kalimat Imperatif Bahasa Jawa

Suhandano

2021

Widyaparwa

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The focus or voice system is an important issue in the study of Austronesian languages. This paper discusses the benefactive and instrumental focus in the imperative sentences of Javanese, a member of the Austronesian language with the largest number of native speakers. Through this paper, it will be shown that benefactive and instrumental in Javanese imperative sentences can be present as elements of sentences that are focused or unfocused. When they are not focused, the two elements of the sentence are expressed in prepositional phrases (PP) with the preposition of kanggo for benefactive and the preposition of nganggo for instrumental. When they are focused, the benefactive and instrumental are expressed in noun phrases (NP) and the verbs take the suffix –(k)na. Their position in the sentence structure also differs when they are focused and when they are not. The existence of imperatives with a benefactive and instrumental focus indicates that Javanese is a language of multiple voice types and this is different from the focus in declarative sentences which place Javanese into a language type with a two-voice system, active and passive. It seems that the differences focus in the two types of sentences indicates that Javanese is in the process of changing from a multiple voice type language to a two voice type language.Sistem voice atau fokus merupakan isu penting dalam studi bahasa-bahasa Austronesia. Tulisan ini membicarakan fokus benefaktif dan instrumental dalam kalimat imperatif bahasa Jawa, anggota bahasa Austronesia yang jumlah penutur aslinya paling banyak. Melalui tulisan ini akan ditunjukkan bahwa benefaktif dan instrumental dalam kalimat imperatif bahasa Jawa dapat hadir sebagai unsur kalimat yang difokuskan maupun tidak difokuskan. Ketika tidak difokuskan, kedua unsur kalimat tersebut dinyatakan dalam frasa preposisional (FP) dengan preposisi kanggo untuk benefaktif dan preposisi nganggo untuk instrumental. Ketika difokuskan, benefaktif dan instrumental diekspresikan dalam frasa nomina dan verba kalimat mengambil sufiks –(k)na. Posisinya dalam struktur kalimat juga berbeda ketika difokuskan dan tidak difokuskan. Keberadaan imperatif dengan fokus benefaktif dan instrumental mengindikasikan bahwa bahasa Jawa termasuk tipe bahasa multiple voice dan hal ini berbeda dengan fokus dalam kalimat deklaratif yang menempatkan bahasa Jawa termasuk ke dalam tipe bahasa dengan sistem dua voice, aktif dan pasif. Tampaknya perbedaan fokus dalam kedua jenis kalimat mengindikasikan bahwa bahasa Jawa sedang dalam proses perubahan dari bahasa tipe multiple voice ke bahasa tipe dua voice.

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“…This study focuses on the study of word order changes and case changes in nouns from old Javanese to modern Javanese and their implications for understanding the focus system in western Austronesian languages. Donohue [5] studied the voice or focus system in Indonesian/Malay and found that there are variants of the voice system in the language. Donohue [5] said that the diversity of focus systems in the variants of Indonesian/Malay reflects the development of voice systems in the Austronesian languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Donohue [5] studied the voice or focus system in Indonesian/Malay and found that there are variants of the voice system in the language. Donohue [5] said that the diversity of focus systems in the variants of Indonesian/Malay reflects the development of voice systems in the Austronesian languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actor and Patient in Javanese and Indonesian Imperative Clauses

Suhandano¹

2021

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research

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This paper discusses imperative clauses in Javanese and Indonesian, two genetically related languages in the Western Austronesian subfamily of the Austronesian languages family. The discussion focuses on the type of imperative clauses with two arguments, an actor and a patient, or imperative clauses with transitive verbs. In this paper, I show that Javanese has more variants of imperative clauses than Indonesian as indicated by the affixation of the verbs. Four transitive imperative verbs are found in Javanese imperative clauses: (a) verbs without affixes, (b) verbs with the prefix di-, (c) verbs with the affix N-a, and (d) verbs with the suffix -(n)en. In Indonesian, there are only two types of verbs found in imperative clauses with actor and patient arguments: (a) verbs without affixes and (b) verbs with prefix di-. I argue that the existence of imperative clauses with verbs (a) and (b) in both Javanese and Indonesian indicates that the two languages are a type of two-voice language: active dan passive voices. Meanwhile, the existence of imperative clauses with verbs (c) and (d) in Javanese indicates that this language is also a type of multiple voice language which is the type of the ancestor language, the proto-Austronesian language. It seems that Javanese is in the process of changing from a multiple voice language type to a two-voice language type.

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Malay as a mirror of Austronesian: Voice development and voice variation

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Symmetrical and asymmetrical voice systems and processing load: Pupillometric evidence from sentence production in Tagalog and German

Symmetrical and asymmetrical voice systems and processing load: Pupillometric evidence from sentence production in Tagalog and German

Fokus Benefaktif Dan Instrumental Dalam Kalimat Imperatif Bahasa Jawa

Actor and Patient in Javanese and Indonesian Imperative Clauses

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