Malathion insecticide resistance in <i>Aedes aegypti</i>: laboratory conditions and <i>in situ</i> experimental approach through adult entomological surveillance

Leandro, André de Souza; Rios, Jean Avemir; Britto, André da Silva; Galvão, Sandro Roberto; Lopes, Renata Defante; Rivas, Açucena Veleh; Martins, Caroline Amaral; Silva, Isaac da; Delai, Robson Michael; Gonçalves, Daniela Dib; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio; Palacio-Cortés, Angela María; Schuartz, Valéria; Sibim, Alessandra Cristiane; Castro, Wagner Antônio Chiba de

doi:10.1111/tmi.13474

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This difference in susceptible status is due to differences in the pattern of insecticide use in each region (Ambarita et al, 2015), community mobility, such as tourists, migrants, and job seekers which increase the risk of disease entry and the spread of several vectors including Ae. agypti (Leandro et al, 2020). This study showed that the longer Ae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Susceptibility to Malathion of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Population from Tangkerang Barat, Marpoyan Damai Distric

2022

Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings

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The use of chemical insecticides to control Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) mosquitoes, as the main vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), has long been used. Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide that is commonly used to control mosquitoes. Monitoring of insecticide resistance is an important part of entomological surveillance. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti to 5% malathion in Tangkerang Barat Sub District, Marpoyan Damai District. This study was conducted in August -October 2022. This study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Samples of adult mosquitoes (F1) that came from larvae were collected from 100 houses in Tangkerang Barat according by Health Ministry for susceptibility tests and reared at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine until adult mosqitoes. The experiment was carried out using 5% malathion-impregnated paper according to the protocol of the WHO bioassay test. Twenty-five of adult mosquitoes were exposed to 5% malathion-impregnated paper in each of 4 exposure tubes and 2 control tubes for 1 hour then moved to hold tube and maintained for 24 hours The mortality of Ae. aegypti after 24 hours were 100%. The susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to 5% malathion in Tangkerang Barat was susceptible. Malathion can be used against adult Ae.aegypti mosquitoes in Tangkerang Barat but still need to rotate the insecticide. The use of efficacious and safe insecticides against Ae.aegypti is one of the most effective ways to interrupt the transmission of DHF. Rotating the insecticide class is important to continue vector control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Susceptibility to Malathion of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Population from Tangkerang Barat, Marpoyan Damai Distric

2022

Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings

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“…Thus, within 5 days of starting trap inspection, additional entomologic information, such as geographic position of traps, the infestation index, and the choropleth maps, were made available for local health managers. In the early hours of the next business day, the local health manager could meet with field supervisors to decide which area to prioritize and which vector control activities to perform considering local contexts (45,46). Therefore, a week after the start of Adultrap inspection, the dengue transmission risk among the 73 areas of Foz do Iguaçu would be known by the local health managers, triggering vector control interventions in prioritized areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citywide Integrated Aedes aegypti Mosquito Surveillance as Early Warning System for Arbovirus Transmission, Brazil

Leandro¹,

Castro²,

Lopes³

et al. 2022

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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T he Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector of arboviruses such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and yellow fever. This mosquito species is common in urbanized areas in the tropics because it is highly adapted to live in close association with humans, preferentially feeding on blood of human hosts and laying eggs in containers located around human dwellings (1-6). Estimates indicate that ≈3 billion persons live in areas with ongoing DENV transmission (7).Traditional entomologic surveillance for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes is based on periodic inspections of larvae and pupae in domestic breeding sites, which provide measures of infestation known as the house index (HI), the percentage of houses in which >1 larvae or pupae was collected, and Breteau index (BI), the number of containers positive for larvae or pupae divided by the number of inspected houses. By using available infestation data, public health managers intensify control strategies in the areas with higher indices. Of note, indices based on collection of immature mosquitoes face many criticisms because surveys are costly to perform with the frequency required for adequate surveillance; indices are highly dependent on the agent's motivation to effectively search for larvae in myriad container types, including cryptic and hard-to-access containers; surveys do not consider container productivity (i.e., these surveys might only provide measures of presence or absence immature mosquitoes); and larval density has proven to be a poor indicator of adult mosquito density (8-12).Traps capturing adult mosquitoes could be a promising alternative to larval surveys because they sample the vector life stage that is directly responsible for transmission and provide qualitative (percent positive traps) and quantitative (number of captured mosquitoes per trap) indices (8,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Adult traps provide relative measurements of the vector population, expressed in units of mosquitoes by area, mosquitoes per person, or mosquitoes per trap (8,18,19). Therefore, adopting adult traps in an arbovirusendemic setting likely would provide relevant information regarding the spatiotemporal dynamics of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes.

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“…O uso constante desses insumos tem levado as populações de Ae. aegypti, principal organismo alvo das estratégias de controle, a desenvolverem variados e preocupantes níveis de resistência a todas as classes de pesticidas atualmente utilizadas (Macoris et al, 2003;Macoris et al, 2007;Valle et al 2019;Leandro et al, 2020). Dessa forma, a efetividade dessa metodologia de controle é questionada, visto que organismos não alvo, como as abelhas sem ferrão -que desempenham funções ecológicas fundamentais em áreas urbanas -, podem estar sendo mais afetados que os organismos para os quais o controle químico é destinado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Diversidade de abelhas sem ferrão (Meliponina) em áreas urbanas no Brasil e avaliação da toxicidade aguda de Malathion para Partamona helleri (Friese, 1900)

Santos¹

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Esta dissertação apresenta duas seções que visaram compreender a diversidade de abelhas sem ferrão inseridas em ambientes urbanos e um dos principais fatores pelo qual essa diversidade pode ser ameaçada na atualidade. A primeira seção teve como principal objetivo analisar detalhadamente estudos de diversidade de abelhas sem ferrão em áreas urbanas do Brasil publicados nos últimos 50 anos. Para alcançar os objetivos desse trabalho, foi empregada a metodologia de PRISMA para revisões sistemáticas e estudos meta-analíticos. Como resultado, foram obtidas e analisadas as seguintes informações: i) locais onde os estudos foram realizados e publicados; ii) distribuição das publicações ao longo dos anos considerados para análise; iii) tempo de duração e métodos mais utilizados nos estudos; iv) espécies mais inventariadas e sua ecologia de nidificação; v) locais que se configuram como prioritários para a execução de pesquisas sobre o tema no Brasil. Para a segunda seção, o objetivo principal foi avaliar a toxicidade aguda de Malathion, principal pesticida utilizado para controle vetorial em centros urbanos, em uma das espécies que são comumente encontradas nesses ambientes, Partamona helleri. Foram realizados bioensaios de teste de contato, constituídos pelo contato de abelhas adultas com papel filtro impregnado com cinco diferentes concentrações de Malathion. As taxas de mortalidade foram registradas após decorridas 24 e 48 horas de exposição às diferentes concentrações. Dessa forma, foi possível estimar os valores de CL50 de 0,0104% e 0,0054% para os dois tempos de exposição considerados, respectivamente. O rótulo do produto indica uma concentração de uso 0,15%, bastante elevada se comparada com a estimada por esse trabalho, representando assim, um grande risco para os indivíduos que são expostos. Com a execução desses dois trabalhos, foi possível conhecer mais sobre a fauna de abelhas sem ferrão encontrada em diferentes centros urbanos pelo Brasil e um dos principais riscos que são ofertados pelas dinâmicas existentes nesses ambientes para os insetos que desempenham funções ecológicas fundamentais, como a polinização.

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Malathion insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti: laboratory conditions and in situ experimental approach through adult entomological surveillance

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Susceptibility to Malathion of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Population from Tangkerang Barat, Marpoyan Damai Distric

Susceptibility to Malathion of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Population from Tangkerang Barat, Marpoyan Damai Distric

Citywide Integrated Aedes aegypti Mosquito Surveillance as Early Warning System for Arbovirus Transmission, Brazil

Diversidade de abelhas sem ferrão (Meliponina) em áreas urbanas no Brasil e avaliação da toxicidade aguda de Malathion para Partamona helleri (Friese, 1900)

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