Malaria vaccine coverage estimation using age-eligible populations and service user denominators in Kenya

Moturi, Angela K.; Jalang’o, Rose; Cherono, Anitah; Muchiri, Samuel K.; Snow, Robert W.; Okiro, Emelda A.

doi:10.1186/s12936-023-04721-0

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

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Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

Song,

Blake-Hepburn,

Karbasi

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Faith-based vaccine initiatives are of growing interest to public health agencies who are looking to increase vaccine confidence among ethnoracially minoritized populations. Despite evidence that support faith-based organizations’ (FBOs) partnerships with public health agencies (PHAs) to increase vaccine confidence, reviews on the scope and efforts to ensure equitable vaccination delivery for ethnoracially minoritized populations are scarce. We aimed to understand how public health agencies collaborate with FBOs or faith communities to improve vaccine confidence among minoritized communities in high-, low- and middle- income countries. We conducted a scoping review by searching OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, and PROQUEST from 2011 to 2023. We included case studies, news reports, observational studies, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies and multimedia content that describes PHA-FBO partnerships that created vaccine initiatives for marginalized and minoritized communities. The data was extracted, summarized, and results were described narratively. We included 167 initiatives reported in 160 publications; 83.8% of the included articles were published between 2019 to 2023. The interventions carried out by PHA-FBO partnerships attempted to increase vaccine uptake using any or all the following methods. First, the initiatives provided digital and in-person platforms for interfaith learning and established training programs to empower faith leaders to become vaccine ambassadors. Second, the initiatives designed and disseminated education and awareness materials that aimed to be sensitive to religious and gender norms. Third, PHA-FBO partnered to apply equity and faith-based frameworks and provided wrap-around support to enable equitable vaccine access. Majority of the initiatives reported that PHA-FBO partnerships improved vaccine confidence and uptake (71.3%). About 22.2% of the initiatives reported quantitative outcomes post-intervention. PHA-FBO initiatives over the past decade increased vaccine uptake and acceptance among diverse ethnoracially minoritized populations. Reporting of faith-based initiatives are subject to publication bias and can be strengthened by examining more evaluation studies and establishment of key outcome indicators to critically appraise intervention outcomes.

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Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

Song,

Blake-Hepburn,

Karbasi

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Gaps in the implementation of RTS, S malaria vaccine contributing to the low uptake in an endemic area of western Kenya

Okanda,

Kwach,

Abuonji

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Globally in 2021, there were an estimated 247 million malaria cases in 85 malaria-endemic countries which accounted for over 619,000 deaths worldwide. In every 1000 live births, 84 die before attaining 5 years in Kenya. Nonetheless, presently, there is a malaria vaccine which an affordable intervention for children under 5 years of age. However, there is low uptake of 3rd and 4th doses with very limited information on the gaps in the implementation of this vaccine to inform strategies to improve the uptake. Materials and Methods: Study design: The study employed an exploratory study design. Purposive sampling method was used to select participants for focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Four FGDs were conducted, 3 of them were 25 parent/guardian whose children either completed or didn’t complete the recommended 4 doses of RTS, S or didn’t receive the vaccine at all, and one with 11 community health volunteers (CHVs). The KII involved 11 healthcare providers(nurses) in charge of maternal and child health (MCH) clinics. Open ended interview guides were used for the FGDs and KIIs. Data was analyzed thematically using NVIVO software version 12. Results: The gaps in malaria vaccine implementation are inadequate information/knowledge about the vaccine to both parents/guardians and healthcare providers, less confidence in the vaccine due to side effects and high number of doses. Others are the poor attitude of health care providers, vaccine unavailability, understaffing of the health providers resulting in long waiting times, and migration to non-implementing sub-counties. Conclusion: The gaps in the implementation of the malaria vaccine; Inadequate knowledge about the vaccine, less confidence about the vaccine, poor attitude of health care providers, migrations, vaccine unavailability, long waiting queue due to staff understaffing, economic activities, cultural beliefs and inadequate trainings of health care providers. Recommendation: Adequate health education, adequate support of the vaccine implementation program, adequate staffing and continuous training of healthcare provider. There’s need to develop strategies for implementation of the vaccine in specific settings in malaria-endemic areas for improved and sustainable RTS, S vaccine uptake.

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A Systematic Review on Malaria Disease and Its Treatments Focus on Artemether Drug

PHALAK,

BODKE,

BODKE

et al. 2024

Int J Curr Pharm Sci

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Malaria is one of the infectious illnesses of the highest scientific significance and importance to international health organizations. Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for a highly severe form of the disease in Africa, has traditionally received the most attention. However, in the last two decades, the Plasmodium vivax parasite, which is linked to a large number of cases in Latin America, the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, the Horn of Africa, and Oceania, has sparked enormous interest, owing to published evidence that it can cause severe malaria, among other things. Malaria is a worldwide public health problem, with a saw 247 million cases recorded in 2021. African countries accounted for approximately 94% of all reported cases. So far, over 200 distinct varieties of protozoa have been discovered and identified, with at least 13 of them being pathogenic to humans. The malaria parasite's life cycle is a complex process involving a mosquito with the species Anopheles and a vertebrate host. Artemether is a lipid-soluble artemisinin derivative. It is available in both oral and intramuscular forms. It is also available as a fixed-dose formulation with lumefantrine. Artemether-lumefantrine is one of the ACTs authorized by the WHO and is being used by the majority of countries transitioning from less effective medications to ACTs. However, the emergence of antimalarial medication resistance poses a significant challenge to malaria control. It works by killing the pathogenic organisms responsible for malaria. It is known as an antimalarial medication, and it is more effective than quinine therapies.

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Malaria vaccine coverage estimation using age-eligible populations and service user denominators in Kenya

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

Gaps in the implementation of RTS, S malaria vaccine contributing to the low uptake in an endemic area of western Kenya

A Systematic Review on Malaria Disease and Its Treatments Focus on Artemether Drug

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