Malaria risk in Corsica, former hot spot of malaria in France

Toty, Céline; Barré, Hélène; Goff, Gilbert Le; Larget-Thiery, Isabelle; Rahola, Nil; Couret, D.; Fontenille, Didier

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-231

Cited by 46 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Recent studies of An. labranchiae populations collected in France and Italy confirmed that this species is receptive to P. falciparum, but exhibits a low vector competence [23,24]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheles plumbeus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector?

Schaffner

Thiéry

Kaufmann

et al. 2012

Malar J

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BackgroundAnopheles plumbeus has been recognized as a minor vector for human malaria in Europe since the beginning of the 20th century. In recent years this tree hole breeding mosquito species appears to have exploited novel breeding sites, including large and organically rich man-made containers, with consequently larger mosquito populations in close vicinity to humans. This lead to investigate whether current populations of An. plumbeus would be able to efficiently transmit Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for the most deadly form of malaria.MethodsAnopheles plumbeus immatures were collected from a liquid manure pit in Switzerland and transferred as adults to the CEPIA (Institut Pasteur, France) where they were fed on P. falciparum gametocytes produced in vitro. Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes served as controls. Development of P. falciparum in both mosquito species was followed by microscopical detection of oocysts on mosquito midguts and by sporozoite detection in the head/thorax by PCR and microscopy.ResultsA total of 293 wild An. plumbeus females from four independent collections successfully fed through a membrane on blood containing P. falciparum gametocytes. Oocysts were observed in mosquito midguts and P. falciparum DNA was detected in head-thorax samples in all four experiments, demonstrating, on a large mosquito sample, that An. plumbeus is indeed receptive to P. falciparum NF54 and able to produce sporozoites. Importantly, the proportion of sporozoites-infected An. plumbeus was almost similar to that of An. gambiae (31 to 88% An. plumbeus versus 67 to 97% An. gambiae). However, the number of sporozoites produced was significantly lower in infected An. plumbeus.ConclusionThe results show that a sample of field-caught An. plumbeus has a moderate to high receptivity towards P. falciparum. Considering the increased mobility of humans between Europe and malaria endemic countries and changes in environment and climate, these data strongly suggest that An. plumbeus could act as a vector for malaria and thus significantly contribute to increasing the malaria transmission risk in Central-Western Europe. In locations showing high vulnerability to the presence of gametocyte carriers, the risk of transmission of malaria by An. plumbeus should be considered.

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“…Recent studies of An. labranchiae populations collected in France and Italy confirmed that this species is receptive to P. falciparum, but exhibits a low vector competence [23,24]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheles plumbeus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector?

Schaffner

Thiéry

Kaufmann

et al. 2012

Malar J

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“…labranchiae. 49,50 Moreover, An. labranchiae has also been involved in autochthonous transmission of P. vivax in Corsica, Greece, and Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval Habitats Characterization and Species Composition of Anopheles Mosquitoes in Tunisia, with Particular Attention to Anopheles maculipennis Complex

Tabbabi¹,

Boussès²,

Rhim³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In Corsica, where An. labranchiae still present in high densities in different regions (Toty et al, 2010), autochthonous P. vivax malaria transmission has been diagnosed, probably via the bite of a local Anopheles mosquito infected with P. vivax from a patient who had acquired infection in Madagascar (Armengaud et al, 2006). The second most important malaria vector of Corsica, Anopheles sacharovi, has not been detected in the island since 2002 (Toty et al, 2010).…”

Section: Malaria Receptivity In Southern Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless recent researches with populations from Corsica have indicated that P. falciparum cycle can be successfully completed in An. labranchiae (Toty et al, 2010). Furthermore An.…”

Section: Infectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%