Malaria cross-sectional surveys identified asymptomatic infections of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi in Surat Thani, a southern province of Thailand

Shimizu, Shino; Chotirat, Sadudee; Dokkulab, Nichakan; Hongchad, Isarachai; Khowsroy, Kessuda; Kiattibutr, Kirakorn; Maneechai, Nongnuj; Manopwisedjaroen, Khajohnpong; Petchvijit, Pattamaporn; Phumchuea, Kanit; Rachaphaew, Nattawan; Sripoorote, Piyarat; Suansomjit, Chayanut; Thongyod, Waraporn; Khamsiriwatchara, Amnat; Lawpoolsri, Saranath; Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas; Sattabongkot, Jetsumon; Nguitragool, Wang

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.022

Cited by 23 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…In endemic areas, in addition to shivering, fever, and sweating, malaria patients may have other symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, limpness, and muscle pain (Barcus et al, 2007;Murhandarwati et al, 2015;WHO, 2018). There are also some cases where malaria patients are asymptomatic and do not have any identifiable symptoms (Agan et al, 2010;Shimizu et al, 2020), which is another unaddressed problem in malaria diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their contribution to malaria diagnosis research, these studies do not specifically identify significant or important symptoms. Some studies focus only on identifying risk factors of malaria (e.g., Ramdzan et al, 2020;Shimizu et al, 2020). However, existing malaria diagnosis studies usually consider symptoms only, without considering nonsymptom-related factors such as patients' previous history of malaria, age, and gender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors for malaria diagnosis in endemic regions of Indonesia

Bria

Yeh

Bedingfield

2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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This study aims to identify significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors for malaria diagnosis in endemic regions of Indonesia. Methods: Medical records are collected from patients suffering from malaria and other febrile diseases from public hospitals in endemic regions of Indonesia. Interviews with eight Indonesian medical doctors are conducted. Feature selection and machine learning techniques are used to develop malaria classifiers for identifying significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors. Results: Seven significant symptoms (duration of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, heartburn, severe symptom, dizziness, and joint pain) and patients' history of malaria as a nonsymptom-related factor contribute most to malaria diagnosis. As a symptom, fever duration is more significant than temperature or fever for distinguishing malaria from other febrile diseases. Shivering, fever, and sweating (known to indicate malaria presence in Indonesia) are shown to be less significant than other symptoms in endemic regions. Conclusions: Three most suitable malaria classifiers have been developed to identify the significant features that can be used to predict malaria as distinct from other febrile diseases. With extensive experiments on the classifiers, the significant features identified can help medical doctors in the clinical diagnosis of malaria and raise public awareness of significant malaria symptoms at early stages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors for malaria diagnosis in endemic regions of Indonesia

Bria

Yeh

Bedingfield

2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Since the aim of this study is collect as many human host-seeking Anopheles as possible, all HLCs were performed outdoors. Results from a cross-sectional survey in Surat Thani in the same study area where HLCs performed indicated that staying outdoors is a primary risk factor for asymptomatic Plasmodium carriage, suggesting that most of the transmission occurs outside the home [23]. This nding reinforces the potential usefulness of ivermectin MDA in the GMS as it can target the Anopheles malaria vector regardless of location or time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Plasmodium falciparum is the ideal parasite to assess during vector control interventions as it is most sensitive to transmission interruption due to its non-relapsing nature. A cross sectional molecular malaria survey conducted in Surat Thani in 2019 demonstrated that persons who stayed outdoors during the night-time were at the highest risk of malaria infection [23]. Three districts were selected for evaluation based on their malaria case incidence comprising 65.13% (338/519) of falciparum cases in Surat Thani from 2015-2019 and high rubber plantation coverage including: Phanom, Vibhavadi, and Khiri Rat Nikhom districts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anopheles Bionomics in a Malaria Endemic Area of Southern Thailand

Wamaket

Khamprapa

Chainarin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA) could accelerate malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion. This study was performed to characterize the bionomics of Anopheles in Surat Thani province, Thailand.Methods: Mosquitoes were collected via human landing collections, February - October of 2019. Anopheles were morphologically identified to species. Primary Anopheles malaria vectors were dissected to assess parity status and a subset evaluated for molecular identification and Plasmodium detection.Results: A total of 17,348 mosquitoes were collected. Of 5,777 Anopheles mosquitoes, 15 species were identified morphologically. The most abundant Anopheles were Anopheles minimus s.l. (87.87%, n = 5,035), Anopheles dirus s.l. (7.05%, n = 407), and Anopheles barbirostris s.l. (2.86%, n = 165). Molecular identification confirmed that of An. minimus s.l., 99.80% were An. minimus s.s. (n=484) and 0.2% An. aconitus (n = 1), of An. dirus s.l., 100% were An. baimaii (n = 348), and of An. maculatus s.l., 93.62% were An. maculatus s.s. (n = 44) and 6.38% An. sawadwongporni (n = 3). No Anopheles were Plasmodium positive (n = 879). An average of 11.46 Anopheles were captured per collector per night. There were differences between species in hour of collection (Kruskal-Wallis = 80.89, P < 0.0001, n = 5,666), with more An. barbirostris s.l. and An. maculatus s.l. caught earlier compared to An. minimus s.l. (P = 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively) and An. dirus s.l. (P = 0.0082, P < 0.001, respectively). The proportion of parous An. minimus s.l. captured by hour increased throughout the night (Wald Chi-square = 17.31, P=0.000, odds ratio = 1.0535 [1.0279 – 1.0796] 95% CI (n = 3,400). Overall, An. minimus s.l. parity was 67.68% (2,375/3,509) with an intra cluster correlation of 0.0378. A power calculation determined that an An. minimus s.l. parity reduction treatment effect size = 34%, with four clusters per treatment arm, a minimum of 300 mosquitoes dissected per cluster at an α= 0.05 will provide 82% power to detect a significant difference following ivermectin MDA. Conclusions: The study area in Surat Thani province is an ideal location to evaluate the impact of ivermectin MDA on An. minimus parity.

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“…Plasmodium falciparum is the ideal parasite to assess during vector control interventions as it is most sensitive to transmission interruption due to its non-relapsing nature. A cross-sectional molecular malaria survey conducted in Surat Thani in 2019 demonstrated that persons who stayed outdoors during the night-time were at the highest risk of malaria infection [ 26 ]. In that study, three districts in Surat Thani province, namely the Phanom, Vibhavadi and Khiri Rat Nikhom districts, were selected for evaluation based on their malaria case incidence comprising 65.13% (338/519) P. falciparum cases between 2015 and 2019 and high rubber plantation coverage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheles bionomics in a malaria endemic area of southern Thailand

et al. 2021

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Background Ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA) could accelerate malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion. This study was performed to characterize the bionomics of Anopheles in Surat Thani province, Thailand. Methods Mosquitoes were collected via human landing collections between February and October 2019. Anopheles mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species. Primary Anopheles malaria vectors were dissected to assess parity status, and a subset were evaluated for molecular identification and Plasmodium detection. Results A total of 17,348 mosquitoes were collected during the study period; of these, 5777 were Anopheles mosquitoes. Morphological studies identified 15 Anopheles species, of which the most abundant were Anopheles minimus (s.l.) (87.16%, n = 5035), An. dirus s.l. (7.05%, n = 407) and An. barbirostris s.l. (2.86%, n = 165). Molecular identification confirmed that of the An. minimus s.l. mosquitoes collected, 99.80% were An. minimus (s.s.) (n = 484) and 0.2% were An. aconitus (n = 1), of the An. dirus (s.l.) collected, 100% were An. baimaii (n = 348), and of the An. maculatus (s.l.) collected, 93.62% were An. maculatus (s.s.) (n = 44) and 6.38% were An. sawadwongporni (n = 3). No Anopheles mosquito tested was Plasmodium positive (0/879). An average of 11.46 Anopheles were captured per collector per night. There were differences between species in hour of collection (Kruskal–Wallis H-test: χ2 = 80.89, P < 0.0001, n = 5666), with more An. barbirostris (s.l.) and An. maculatus (s.l.) caught earlier compared to An. minimus (s.l.) (P = 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) and An. dirus (s.l.) (P = 0.0082 and P < 0.001, respectively). The proportion of parous An. minimus (s.l.) captured by hour increased throughout the night (Wald Chi-square: χ2 = 17.31, P = 0.000, odds ratio = 1.0535, 95% confidence interval 1.0279–1.0796, n = 3400). Overall, An. minimus (s.l.) parity was 67.68% (2375/3509) with an intra-cluster correlation of 0.0378. A power calculation determined that an An. minimus (s.l.) parity reduction treatment effect size = 34%, with four clusters per treatment arm and a minimum of 300 mosquitoes dissected per cluster, at an α = 0.05, will provide 82% power to detect a significant difference following ivermectin MDA. Conclusions The study area in Surat Thani province is an ideal location to evaluate the impact of ivermectin MDA on An. minimus parity. Graphical abstract

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Malaria cross-sectional surveys identified asymptomatic infections of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi in Surat Thani, a southern province of Thailand

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors for malaria diagnosis in endemic regions of Indonesia

Significant symptoms and nonsymptom-related factors for malaria diagnosis in endemic regions of Indonesia

Anopheles Bionomics in a Malaria Endemic Area of Southern Thailand

Anopheles bionomics in a malaria endemic area of southern Thailand

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