Malaria congénita por Plasmodium falciparum

Calderon, Jose Gabriel Del Castillo; Silva, Angie Milena Cardenas

doi:10.32641/rchped.v91i5.1283

Rev Chil Pediatr

2020

DOI: 10.32641/rchped.v91i5.1283

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Malaria congénita por Plasmodium falciparum

Jose Gabriel Del Castillo Calderon

Angie Milena Cardenas Silva

Abstract: La malaria congénita (MC) es la infección por Plasmodium spp adquirida in útero o durante el parto y sus manifestaciones clínicas son inespecíficas. Puede causar enfermedad grave en la embarazada y en el recién nacido.Objetivo: describir dos casos de MC causados por Plasmodium falciparum, diagnóstico diferencial de sepsis en recién nacidos de gestantes que hayan visitado o residan en áreas endémicas para malaria.Casos Clínicos: Neonatos de sexo femenino, nacidos en área no endémica para malaria, diagnosticados… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Prospective study of malaria in pregnancy, placental and congenital malaria in Northwest Colombia

Cardona-Arias,

Carmona-Fonseca

2024

Malar J

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Background Pregnancy Associated Malaria (PAM) include malaria in pregnancy (MiP), placental malaria (PM), and congenital malaria (CM). The evidence available in Colombia on PAM focuses on one of the presentations (MiP, PM or CM), and no study longitudinally analyses the infection from the pregnant woman, passing through the placenta, until culminating in the newborn. This study determined the frequency of MiP, PM, and CM caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, or mixed infections, according to Thick Blood Smear (TBS) and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Identifying associated factors of PAM and clinical-epidemiological outcomes in northwestern Colombia. Methods Prospective study of 431 pregnant women, their placenta, and newborns registered in the data bank of the research Group “Salud y Comunidad César Uribe Piedrahíta” which collected information between 2014 and 2020 in endemic municipalities of the departments of Córdoba and Antioquia. The frequency of infection was determined with 95% confidence intervals. Comparisons were made with the Chi-square test, Student t-test, prevalence ratios, and control for confounding variables by log-binomial regression. Results The frequency of MiP was 22.3% (4.6% using TBS), PM 24.8% (1.4% using TBS), and CM 11.8% (0% using TBS). Using TBS predominated P. vivax. Using qPCR the proportions of P. vivax and P. falciparum were similar for MiP and PM, but P. falciparum predominated in CM. The frequency was higher in nulliparous, and women with previous malaria. The main clinical effects of PAM were anaemia, low birth weight, and abnormal APGAR score. Conclusions The magnitude of infections was not detected with TBS because most cases were submicroscopic (TBS-negative, qPCR-positive). This confirmed the importance of improving the molecular detection of cases. PAM continue being underestimated in the country due to that in Colombia the control programme is based on TBS, despite its outcomes on maternal, and congenital health.

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Prospective study of malaria in pregnancy, placental and congenital malaria in Northwest Colombia

Cardona-Arias,

Carmona-Fonseca

2024

Malar J

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Congenital malaria: Frequency and epidemiology in Colombia, 2009-2020

Cardona‐Arias

Carmona‐Fonseca

2022

PLoS ONE

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Congenital Malaria (CM) is an underestimated and under-researched problem in Colombia, despite its severe clinical, epidemiological, economic, and public health consequences. The objective was to determine the general frequency of CM, the specific frequency of CM by diagnostic test and plasmodial species, and identify its associated factors. A retrospective study was carried out using the records of 567 newborns. qPCR and Thick Blood Smear (TBS) were performed. The frequency of infection was determined with a 95% confidence interval. Associated factors were identified by non-parametric tests and odds ratios; the confusion was controlled with a logistic regression model. All cases corresponded to submicroscopic CM (negative with TBS and positive with PCR), and the frequency was 12.2% (95%CI = 9.4–14.9). The detection was statistically higher in the umbilical cord with 16,2% (95%CI = 12.4–19.9) versus peripheral blood of the newborn with 2.2% (95%CI = 0.7–4.9). CM was statistically higher in newborn whose mothers had malaria in the last year, gestational and placental malaria. The median birth weight in newborn infected with CM was lower compared to the one of healthy neonates. Because the control program in Colombia is based on TBS, it must be improved with the inclusion of other tests that allow the detection of submicroscopic CM. In addition, the program has other limitations such as do not have specific actions for pregnant women and have a passive surveillance system. These difficulties do not allow to show the magnitude of CM, its consequences on neonatal and infant health, constituting a serious problem of health injustice.

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Congenital Malaria in a 20-Day-Old Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review

Regasa,

Shibiru,

Tilahun

et al. 2024

RRN

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Malaria congénita por Plasmodium falciparum

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Prospective study of malaria in pregnancy, placental and congenital malaria in Northwest Colombia

Prospective study of malaria in pregnancy, placental and congenital malaria in Northwest Colombia

Congenital malaria: Frequency and epidemiology in Colombia, 2009-2020

Congenital Malaria in a 20-Day-Old Neonate: A Case Report and Literature Review

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