Maladie de Kaposi profuse chez un enfant VIH positif, probablement contaminé par sa grand-mère

Abstract

Kaposi's disease in children with HIV is rarely reported in everyday practice. This is a case study of cutaneous Kaposi's disease revealing HIV in a 5-year-old child with polymorphic eruption of papules and nodules on the face, trunk, back, and limbs. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Kaposi's disease. The child's HIV serology was positive with a CD4 count of 240/mm, normochromic and normocytic anemia, and a hemoglobin level at 8.5 g/dl. It was found that the child, after early weaning from his HIV-negative mother, had repeatedly suckled his healthy grandmother, who had no skin lesions but was HIV1 positive. Both grandmother and child were referred for treatment in their locality. The case is noteworthy for the way in which the HIV1 virus infected the child during weaning and then being suckled by his grandmother. The child already had an initial dental flare that could have injured his grandmother. Thus, in our case, there is a contamination by HIV1 virus most likely from the grandmother and contamination by the HHV8 virus, source unidentified as a technical plateau was reached.

Kaposi’s Disease (KS) in a Senegalese Child Living with HIV

“…The isolated cutaneous localization was observed in our patient in the form of hyperpigmented closets, erythematoangiomatous nodules and lymphedema. Dicko et al in Mali also reported a more extensive Kaposi skin disease revealing HIV in a child with a polymorphic rash of papules and nodules on the face, trunk, back and limbs [8] These same nodular lesions followed by purplish macules were reported by Karabinta et al [9]. Tounouga et al in Cameroon reported lesions mainly localized to the skin, and more rarely to the mucous membranes.…”

“…Immunologically, only the low CD4 count was selected as having a significant impact on the occurrence of Kaposi's Disease [11]. Dicko et al also reported that our patient had a low CD4 count (240/mm 3 ) in an HIV-infected young boy with Kaposi [8]. On the other hand, a CD4 cell count ≥ 500 cells/mm 3 represents a lower risk of developing the disease [11].…”