Abstract:Et sikkert cyberspace er nødvendig for en fungerende samfunnsstruktur, økonomisk, politisk og sosialt. Med samfunnets økende avhengighet av cyberspace for å kunne fungere normalt, har sikringen av cyberspace blitt stadig viktigere. For å løse sikkerhetsutfordringene knyttet til utviklingen av cyberspace har stater søkt støtte fra private aktører gjennom såkalte multistakeholder-initiativer. Med slike initiativer mener man en åpen form for samarbeid mellom interessenter, basert på en idé om likeverdige partnere… Show more
“…The interview data highlighted that modes of governance for managing cyberspace – and the vulnerabilities it presents to public and private entities – could lie beyond the current sector-principle institutional frame. Power dynamics between sectors ( Muller, 2016 ) need to become more than barriers to comprehensive cyber security. Power needs to become the catalyst for development of new knowledge through improved collaborative behavior.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the level of digital resource dependency in Norway, one could assume that the state backed sector-principle and a multi-stakeholder approach to cyber security forms a solid: “…basis for organizational linkages” ( Salancik and Pfeffer, 1978 ; in Thomas, 1996 , p. 107). In this context, multiple stakeholders have a part to play in managing factors that impinge on Norway establishing: “the necessary preconditions” ( Muller, 2016 , p. 2) for protecting assets from vulnerabilities presented through cyberspace. This is critically important as it reveals that environments – framed by cyberpower – are emerging and presenting interesting challenges to theories and practice of governance.…”
Section: State Of Artmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Norwegian state takes a multi-stakeholder approach ( Chehadé, 2014 ) to cyber security. According to Muller (2016) the multi-stakeholder model is an extension of neo-liberalist thinking as the intention is to achieve streamlined Internet governance through decentralization of responsibility and power to promote cooperation between the state, private sector and civil society. Although this approach is generally seen internationally as best practice for cyber security ( Carr, 2015 ), even in Norway, where public-private trust relationships are deemed to be good, there are tensions arising from established power dynamics between actors, as those stakeholders deemed to be the most appropriate for good governance have so far failed to come together to address the key challenges and vulnerabilities presented through cyberspace ( Helkala and Svendsen, 2014 ; Muller, 2016 ).…”
Through analysis of empirical interview data this research undertakes to investigate the ways in which the growing phenomenon of cyberpower – defined as using cyberspace for advantage and influence – is impacting on institutional development in Norway. Exploring this governance challenge through the conceptual framework of complexity, difference and emergence opens space – political or otherwise – for discussion regarding why rapid developments arising from digitalization are transforming the way individuals, organizations, institutions and states behave, relate and make decisions. Cyberpower is creating an uncertain institutional landscape as a dependency vs. vulnerability paradox shapes values, rules and norms. Findings from this thematic analysis of qualitative data reflect this paradox, and suggest that organizations in Norway are in a survival-mode that is blocking collaboration. This occurs as national governance systems, human capacity and cyberpower effects lack synergy making for an uneasy arena where complexity, contestation and emerging challenges frame institutional development. To improve long-term prospects of governing cyberpower effects requires a cross-sectorial conflation of time and human resources. This means consciously taking steps to merge organizational and institutional boundaries through expressive innovative collaborations that foster a shared and holistic agenda. The emerging challenges cyberpower is presenting across multiple domains means further research is recommended to build a richer understanding of the term cyberpower from different perspectives. The investigation recommends investment in building the skills and capacities necessary for the co-creation of new models and strategies for managing the effects of cyberpower.
“…The interview data highlighted that modes of governance for managing cyberspace – and the vulnerabilities it presents to public and private entities – could lie beyond the current sector-principle institutional frame. Power dynamics between sectors ( Muller, 2016 ) need to become more than barriers to comprehensive cyber security. Power needs to become the catalyst for development of new knowledge through improved collaborative behavior.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the level of digital resource dependency in Norway, one could assume that the state backed sector-principle and a multi-stakeholder approach to cyber security forms a solid: “…basis for organizational linkages” ( Salancik and Pfeffer, 1978 ; in Thomas, 1996 , p. 107). In this context, multiple stakeholders have a part to play in managing factors that impinge on Norway establishing: “the necessary preconditions” ( Muller, 2016 , p. 2) for protecting assets from vulnerabilities presented through cyberspace. This is critically important as it reveals that environments – framed by cyberpower – are emerging and presenting interesting challenges to theories and practice of governance.…”
Section: State Of Artmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Norwegian state takes a multi-stakeholder approach ( Chehadé, 2014 ) to cyber security. According to Muller (2016) the multi-stakeholder model is an extension of neo-liberalist thinking as the intention is to achieve streamlined Internet governance through decentralization of responsibility and power to promote cooperation between the state, private sector and civil society. Although this approach is generally seen internationally as best practice for cyber security ( Carr, 2015 ), even in Norway, where public-private trust relationships are deemed to be good, there are tensions arising from established power dynamics between actors, as those stakeholders deemed to be the most appropriate for good governance have so far failed to come together to address the key challenges and vulnerabilities presented through cyberspace ( Helkala and Svendsen, 2014 ; Muller, 2016 ).…”
Through analysis of empirical interview data this research undertakes to investigate the ways in which the growing phenomenon of cyberpower – defined as using cyberspace for advantage and influence – is impacting on institutional development in Norway. Exploring this governance challenge through the conceptual framework of complexity, difference and emergence opens space – political or otherwise – for discussion regarding why rapid developments arising from digitalization are transforming the way individuals, organizations, institutions and states behave, relate and make decisions. Cyberpower is creating an uncertain institutional landscape as a dependency vs. vulnerability paradox shapes values, rules and norms. Findings from this thematic analysis of qualitative data reflect this paradox, and suggest that organizations in Norway are in a survival-mode that is blocking collaboration. This occurs as national governance systems, human capacity and cyberpower effects lack synergy making for an uneasy arena where complexity, contestation and emerging challenges frame institutional development. To improve long-term prospects of governing cyberpower effects requires a cross-sectorial conflation of time and human resources. This means consciously taking steps to merge organizational and institutional boundaries through expressive innovative collaborations that foster a shared and holistic agenda. The emerging challenges cyberpower is presenting across multiple domains means further research is recommended to build a richer understanding of the term cyberpower from different perspectives. The investigation recommends investment in building the skills and capacities necessary for the co-creation of new models and strategies for managing the effects of cyberpower.
“…En åbning af forhandlingerne om en ny digital konvention, som lande som Rusland og Kina har presset på for i årevis, vil betyde en (gen)åbning af en raekke emner, som de fleste vestlige lande ikke ønsker at drøfte i et interstatsligt forum. Det drejer sig eksempelvis om styringen af internettets protokoller (internet governance), som Vesten i årevis har kaempet for at regulere gennem et samarbejde med private, frivillige, nonprofitorganisationer og virksomheder og ikke FN -den såkaldte multistakeholdermodel (Muller 2016). Omvendt vil Kina og Rusland efter al sandsynlighed betragte Smiths forslag om en digital Genèvekonvention som en kaerkommen mulighed for at genåbne drøftelserne om ytringsfrihed og andre fundamentale menneskerettigheder online samt om, hvorvidt Genèvekonventionerne overhovedet kan gaelde i cyberspace (Henriksen 2017: 156-8).…”
Section: Pandoras Aeskeunclassified
“…når der skal introduceres løsninger på udfordringerne fra cyberspace (Nye 2014;Carr 2016;Muller 2016). I en situation hvor sammenkoblingen mellem offentlig og privat er uundgåelig, er det nødvendigt, at stater såvel som ikke-statslige aktører forstår den politiske og tekniske kontekst, hvori Microsofts forslag om en international digital konvention er blevet fremsat.…”
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