Making the case for ‘physical activity security’: the 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour from a Global South perspective

Lambert, Estelle V.; Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy; Adlakha, Deepti; Oyeyemi, Adewale L.; Anokye, Nana; Goenka, Shifalika; Mogrovejo, Patricia; Salvo, Deborah

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-103524

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…A previous study [64] showed that barriers to MVPA in a low-income South African setting included the perception of poor facilities and safety issues in the neighborhood, making it harder to engage in recreational MVPA. Inequalities in accessing opportunities to engage in leisure PA occur in most LMICs, with poor and overcrowded environments, lack of adequate facilities, and safety representing major barriers to PA [65]. Thus, when targeting engagement in PA in LMICs, we need to acknowledge the associated challenges, with the potential aim of removing these barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities

Pina

Mendham

Tomaz

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to investigate differences in physical activity (PA) patterns and the associations between objectively measured 24-h movement behaviors and musculoskeletal measures (muscle strength, muscle mass, physical performance, and bone mineral density) in a high-income and a low-income community. This cross-sectional study recruited independent living older adults aged 60–85 years from high-income Scottish (n = 150) and low-income South African (n = 138) settings. Participants completed demographic and health questionnaires, and testing included body composition and bone mineral density (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), physical performance (grip strength, gait speed), and PA (accelerometry). Participants accumulated similar amounts of weekly total PA, however, the Scottish cohort engaged in more moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), while the South African cohort spent more time sleeping and in light intensity PA (LPA). From compositional data analysis, more time spent in MVPA relative to the other movement behaviors was positively associated with higher muscle mass (p < 0.001) and strength (p = 0.001) in the Scottish cohort. Conversely, more time spent in MVPA was associated with faster gait speed (p < 0.001) and greater hip bone mineral density (p = 0.011) in the South African cohort. Our findings confirm the beneficial role of MVPA in both high- and low-income cohorts, however, the relationship MVPA had with components of musculoskeletal health in older adults differed between settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities

Pina

Mendham

Tomaz

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…These inequalities largely underpin current global patterns of physical inactivity 48 and, particularly, observed differences across activity domains (ie, leisure-time vs transport-or work-based physical activity). 49 Inversely, physical activity promotion could also become part of the solution for addressing global health and socioeconomic and gender-based inequalities. 50 Table 2 explores the bidirectional relationship of physical activity and these inequalities and outlines the need for synergistic action to reduce physical inactivity and inequalities worldwide.…”

Section: Sports For All Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38,40 Instead, we should focus on making the physically active option of all daily activities the default choice for all groups by making it the easiest, most convenient, cheapest, safest, and most enjoyable option. 4,9,49 Abbreviations: LMICs, low-and middle-income countries; PA, physical activity; SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals.…”

Section: Table 2 Physical Activity and Global Health Socioeconomic And Gender Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity Promotion and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Building Synergies to Maximize Impact

Salvo¹,

Garcia²,

Reis³

et al. 2021

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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110

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Background: Many of the known solutions to the physical inactivity pandemic operate across sectors relevant to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods: The authors examined the contribution of physical activity promotion strategies toward achieving the SDGs through a conceptual linkage exercise, a scoping review, and an agent-based model. Results: Possible benefits of physical activity promotion were identified for 15 of the 17 SDGs, with more robust evidence supporting benefits for SDGs 3 (good health and well-being), 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), 11 (sustainable cities and communities), 13 (climate action), and 16 (peace, justice, and strong institutions). Current evidence supports prioritizing at-scale physical activity-promoting transport and urban design strategies and community-based programs. Expected physical activity gains are greater for low-and middle-income countries. In high-income countries with high car dependency, physical activity promotion strategies may help reduce air pollution and traffic-related deaths, but shifts toward more active forms of travel and recreation, and climate change mitigation, may require complementary policies that disincentivize driving. Conclusions: The authors call for a synergistic approach to physical activity promotion and SDG achievement, involving multiple sectors beyond health around their goals and values, using physical activity promotion as a lever for a healthier planet.

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“…It is well documented that physical inactivity is highly variable between countries and world regions; and there are many barriers to physical activity promotion, particularly in low and middleincome countries, which have many competing priorities. 47 While ISPAH's Eight Investments That Work for Physical Activity are supported by evidence of effectiveness and have broad applicability, the feasibility of implementation will likely be context specific. For this reason, countries should begin by implementing the investments that are considered most feasible, based on factors such as political will, leadership, resources, and existing provision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Investments That Work for Physical Activity

Milton¹,

Cavill²,

Chalkley³

et al. 2021

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background: The International Society for Physical Activity and Health (ISPAH) is a leading global organization working to advance research, policy, and practice to promote physical activity. Given the expanding evidence base on interventions to promote physical activity, it was timely to review and update a major ISPAH advocacy document—Investments that Work for Physical Activity (2011). Methods: Eight investment areas were agreed upon through consensus. Literature reviews were conducted to identify key evidence relevant to policymakers in each sector or setting. Results: The 8 investment areas were as follows: whole-of-school programs; active transport; active urban design; health care; public education; sport and recreation; workplaces; and community-wide programs. Evidence suggests that the largest population health benefit will be achieved by combining these investments and implementing a systems-based approach. Conclusions: Establishing consensus on ‘what works’ to change physical activity behavior is a cornerstone of successful advocacy, as is having appropriate resources to communicate key messages to a wide range of stakeholders. ISPAH has created a range of resources related to the new investments described in this paper. These resources are available in the ‘advocacy toolkit’ on the ISPAH website (www.ispah.org/resources).

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Making the case for ‘physical activity security’: the 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour from a Global South perspective

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities

Intensity Matters for Musculoskeletal Health: A Cross-Sectional Study on Movement Behaviors of Older Adults from High-Income Scottish and Low-Income South African Communities

Physical Activity Promotion and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Building Synergies to Maximize Impact

Eight Investments That Work for Physical Activity

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