Making Smart Contracts Smarter

Luu, Loi; Chu, Duc-Hiep; Olickel, Hrishi; Saxena, Prateek; Hobor, Aquinas

doi:10.1145/2976749.2978309

Cited by 1,619 publications

(1,386 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Various formal semantics of Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and its contract language Solidity were implemented in Coq [17], Isabelle [16], F ⋆ [3], Idris [27], K [14], Why3 [9], and in custom tools for static and dynamic analysis [21].…”

Section: Formal Methods For Blockchainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanising blockchain consensus

Pîrlea

Sergey

2018

Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs - CPP 2018

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We present the first formalisation of a blockchain-based distributed consensus protocol with a proof of its consistency mechanised in an interactive proof assistant.Our development includes a reference mechanisation of the block forest data structure, necessary for implementing provably correct per-node protocol logic. We also define a model of a network, implementing the protocol in the form of a replicated state-transition system. The protocol's executions are modeled via a small-step operational semantics for asynchronous message passing, in which packages can be rearranged or duplicated.In this work, we focus on the notion of global system safety, proving a form of eventual consistency. To do so, we provide a library of theorems about a pure functional implementation of block forests, define an inductive system invariant, and show that, in a quiescent system state, it implies a global agreement on the state of per-node transaction ledgers. Our development is parametric wrt. implementations of several security primitives, such as hash-functions, a notion of a proof object, a Validator Acceptance Function, and a Fork Choice Rule. We precisely characterise the assumptions, made about these components for proving the global system consensus, and discuss their adequacy. All results described in this paper are formalised in the Coq proof assistant.

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Section: Formal Methods For Blockchainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanising blockchain consensus

Pîrlea

Sergey

2018

Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs - CPP 2018

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“…An earlier Solidity version had such a problem [9]. Formal verification [1,4] and automatic bug-finding [8] are other relevant research topics for SmartDEMAP. Research into these topics is relatively new and the developed tools are not in wide use and geared more towards trained professionals.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, different exploits have been found which are usable against some of the existing smart contracts [8]. The most prominent example is the "The DAO" theft [10].…”

Section: Smart Contract Exploitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most prominent example is the "The DAO" theft [10]. Contrary to centralized software development, smart contracts operate in an open environment where arbitrary adversaries can exist [8] and thus attacks can originate from inside the same virtual machine. Additionally, it is substantially harder to correct a bug because smart contract code is unchangeable after it is deployed on a blockchain [2,11].…”

Section: Smart Contract Exploitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The restrictions are enforced by executing formal verifiers [1,4], compilers, automated bug-finders [8], or other development and code quality tools on smart contracts. Such restrictions could consist of a formal proof of some specified properties, enforcing a programming language, or requiring a negative result from an automatic bug finder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

SmartDEMAP: A Smart Contract Deployment and Management Platform

Knecht

Stiller

2017

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Smart contracts on a blockchain behave exactly as specified by their code. To be sure that a smart contract behaves as expected, the end-user has to either analyze its code or trust a potentially anonymous developer or auditor to do so. This approach proposes a smart contract deployment and management platform that can execute development tools and code quality tools in a trusted way and uses this to reduce the trust required into the smart contract developer or auditor. Additionally, such a platform can provide new capabilities for developers aiding them in the creation of smart contracts.

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Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Kabiri

Sharifzadeh

2022

Industry 4.0 Vision for Energy and Materials

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Making Smart Contracts Smarter

Cited by 1,619 publications

References 9 publications

Mechanising blockchain consensus

Mechanising blockchain consensus

SmartDEMAP: A Smart Contract Deployment and Management Platform

Blockchain and Smart Contracts

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