Making precious metals cheap: A sonoelectrochemical – Hydrodynamic cavitation method to recycle platinum group metals from spent automotive catalysts

Vasile, Eugeniu; Ciocănea, Adrian; Ionescu, Viorel; Lepadatu, Ioan; Diac, Cornelia; Stamatin, Serban N.

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105404

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The presence of the metal particles was more evident in the nonextracted cordierite (the bright dots), as expected, whereas the gray structureless regions are interpreted as the alumina‐based washcoat, which practically contains the PGMs. [ 32 ] In the extracted converter, the pore structure of the cordierite was more evident due to the partial removal of the washcoat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 29,30 ] Recently, more environment‐friendly methods for recovery of PGMs from spent catalytic converters were proposed. [ 25,31,32 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29,30] Recently, more environment-friendly methods for recovery of PGMs from spent catalytic converters were proposed. [25,31,32] Usually, the goal of industrial methods is to obtain pure metals or soluble PGM compounds in high yields, while the exhausted catalytic support is commonly considered scrap and disposed, or (in rare cases) its components are recycled after high energy consuming separation processes. [25] Laboratory-scale methods for Pt recycling have been reported, using ligands to form complexes, ion exchangers, [33] or functionalized silica.…”

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confidence: 99%

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New heterogeneous catalysts containing platinum group metals recovered from a spent catalytic converter

Racleş¹,

Zaltariov²,

Coroabă³

et al. 2021

Applied Organom Chemis

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A spent catalytic converter was treated with concentrated HCl and hydrogen peroxide in very mild conditions to extract approximately half of its platinum group metals (PGMs) content, mainly as chlorides. The noble metals were subsequently charged into functionalized mesoporous silica by complexation with mercapto groups. A combination of methods was employed to prove the transfer of PGMs and to characterize the materials (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry [ICP‐OES], Fourier transform‐infrared [FT‐IR] spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry [ESI‐MS], thermogravimetric analysis [TGA], X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy [XPS], X‐ray diffraction, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry). The resulted PGM‐loaded silica was successfully tested as a new heterogeneous catalyst for hydrosilylation and oxidation reactions. Information about the nature of the PGMs species extracted and loaded completes the existing literature data. The scrap cordierite may be valorized for retention of pollutants from water and also catalyzes the hydrosilylation reaction based on the remaining PGMs. Flexible composite materials can be obtained by incorporating scrap cordierite as filler and crosslinking catalyst into a silicone matrix, significantly enhancing the dielectric permittivity. Thus, complete re‐valorization of the main components of the catalytic converter as high‐added‐value materials was achieved at laboratory level, with very low energy demanding procedures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 29,30 ] Recently, more environment‐friendly methods for recovery of PGMs from spent catalytic converters were proposed. [ 25,31,32 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New heterogeneous catalysts containing platinum group metals recovered from a spent catalytic converter

Racleş¹,

Zaltariov²,

Coroabă³

et al. 2021

Applied Organom Chemis

Self Cite

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“…Some of the leaching systems like aqua regia and cyanide have been forbidden, some of them like application of chlorination leaching has been limited. It has been done because of generating harmful pollutants and low efficiency in case of chlorination leaching (especially for Pt and Rh, mainly because of their low concentration) [26]. In the pyrometallurgical process, which is a simple and efficient way for the high enrichment of PGMs from spent automotive catalysts with degree of extraction up to 99%, metals including lead, copper, nickel and iron are used [27].…”

Section: Methods For Recycling the Automotive Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Recovery of PGMS from Catalysts – A Case Study of Recycling Network in Poland

Generowicz

2022

Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment

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Combustion engines are the main driving force of passenger cars, trucks or buses. Engines burn fuels, and as a side effect, release many pollutions to the atmosphere. Car manufacturers had been aware of a need of lowering the amount of exhaust fumes. This brought on the market the first catalytic converters. Nowadays automobile catalyst manufacturing is the largest sector of demand of PGMs (mainly platinum, palladium and rhodium), and unfortunately consumption and future demand of there critical metals is getting higher. Over the past two decades, most countries around the world have developed and implement solutions that would minimize the impact of the growing number of cars on the environment. One solution contributing to this is the organisation of an end-of-life car collection and recycling network, which is now an integral part of automotive industry. The main drivers for the development of such network were stricter environmental regulations and economic conditions. The development of recycling is also becoming more popular in Poland. However, catalyst recycling system is still not transparent to all stakeholders. Due to the huge variety of catalysts and their different structure and composition of elements from the PGMs group, the valuation of their price before they are recycled is not obvious. This raises a lot of controversy and does not inspire trust among those who recycle their catalysts. The aim of this work is to show how the management of used catalytic converters looks like in Poland and how developed is network of catalysts recycling in Poland. At the same time this will show how important it is in terms of a circular economy and the recovery of valuable raw materials from a group of PGMs.

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“…32% higher) at reduced rates (1 h versus 24 h). Aside from the speed and low environmental impact of this approach, the price is a very attractive feature, i.e., 8EUR/g of metal, which is 5 times lower than the current market prices [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combined Deep Eutectic Solvent–Ionic Liquid Process for the Extraction and Separation of Platinum Group Metals (Pt, Pd, Rh)

et al. 2021

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Recovery of platinum group metals from spent materials is becoming increasingly relevant due to the high value of these metals and their progressive depletion. In recent years, there is an increased interest in developing alternative and more environmentally benign processes for the recovery of platinum group metals, in line with the increased focus on a sustainable future. To this end, ionic liquids are increasingly investigated as promising candidates that can replace state-of-the-art approaches. Specifically, phosphonium-based ionic liquids have been extensively investigated for the extraction and separation of platinum group metals. In this paper, we present the extraction capacity of several phosphonium-based ionic liquids for platinum group metals from model deep eutectic solvent-based acidic solutions. The most promising candidates, P66614Cl and P66614B2EHP, which exhibited the ability to extract Pt, Pd, and Rh quantitively from a mixed model solution, were additionally evaluated for their capacity to recover these metals from a spent car catalyst previously leached into a choline-based deep eutectic solvent. Specifically, P66614Cl afforded extraction of the three target precious metals from the leachate, while their partial separation from the interfering Al was also achieved since a significant amount (approx. 80%) remained in the leachate.

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Making precious metals cheap: A sonoelectrochemical – Hydrodynamic cavitation method to recycle platinum group metals from spent automotive catalysts

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

New heterogeneous catalysts containing platinum group metals recovered from a spent catalytic converter

New heterogeneous catalysts containing platinum group metals recovered from a spent catalytic converter

The Importance of Recovery of PGMS from Catalysts – A Case Study of Recycling Network in Poland

A Combined Deep Eutectic Solvent–Ionic Liquid Process for the Extraction and Separation of Platinum Group Metals (Pt, Pd, Rh)

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